使用 lxml 的 etree 创建文档类型

发布于 2024-07-24 11:08:48 字数 230 浏览 7 评论 0原文

我想将文档类型添加到我使用 LXML 的 etree 生成的 XML 文档中。

但是我不知道如何添加文档类型。不能选择对字符串进行硬编码和连接。

我期待着在 etree 中添加 PI 的方式：

pi = etree.PI(...)
doc.addprevious(pi)

但它对我不起作用。如何使用lxml向xml文档添加a？

原文

I want to add doctypes to my XML documents that I'm generating with LXML's etree.

However I cannot figure out how to add a doctype. Hardcoding and concating the string is not an option.

I was expecting something along the lines of how PI's are added in etree:

pi = etree.PI(...)
doc.addprevious(pi)

But it's not working for me. How to add a to a xml document with lxml?

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神爱温柔 2024-07-31 11:08:48

这对我有用：

print etree.tostring(tree, pretty_print=True, xml_declaration=True, encoding="UTF-8", doctype="<!DOCTYPE TEST_FILE>")

This worked for me:

print etree.tostring(tree, pretty_print=True, xml_declaration=True, encoding="UTF-8", doctype="<!DOCTYPE TEST_FILE>")

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空城旧梦 2024-07-31 11:08:48

您可以首先使用文档类型创建文档：

# Adapted from example on http://codespeak.net/lxml/tutorial.html
import lxml.etree as et
import StringIO
s = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root SYSTEM "test" [ <!ENTITY tasty "cheese"> 
<!ENTITY eacute "é"> ]>
<root>
<a>&tasty; soufflé</a>
</root>
"""
tree = et.parse(StringIO.StringIO(s))
print et.tostring(tree, xml_declaration=True, encoding="utf-8")

prints：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE root SYSTEM "test" [
<!ENTITY tasty "cheese">
<!ENTITY eacute "é">
]>
<root>
<a>cheese soufflé</a>
</root>

如果您想将文档类型添加到某些不是使用文档类型创建的 XML，您可以首先使用所需的文档类型创建一个文档类型（如上所述），然后复制您的文档类型-less XML：

xml = et.XML("<root><test/><a>whatever</a><end_test/></root>")
root = tree.getroot()
root[:] = xml
root.text, root.tail = xml.text, xml.tail
print et.tostring(tree, xml_declaration=True, encoding="utf-8")

prints:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE root SYSTEM "test" [
<!ENTITY tasty "cheese">
<!ENTITY eacute "é">
]>
<root><test/><a>whatever</a><end_test/></root>

这是您要找的吗？

You can create your document with a doctype to begin with:

# Adapted from example on http://codespeak.net/lxml/tutorial.html
import lxml.etree as et
import StringIO
s = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root SYSTEM "test" [ <!ENTITY tasty "cheese"> 
<!ENTITY eacute "é"> ]>
<root>
<a>&tasty; soufflé</a>
</root>
"""
tree = et.parse(StringIO.StringIO(s))
print et.tostring(tree, xml_declaration=True, encoding="utf-8")

prints:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE root SYSTEM "test" [
<!ENTITY tasty "cheese">
<!ENTITY eacute "é">
]>
<root>
<a>cheese soufflé</a>
</root>

If you want to add a doctype to some XML that wasn't created with one, you can first create one with the desired doctype (as above), then copy your doctype-less XML into it:

xml = et.XML("<root><test/><a>whatever</a><end_test/></root>")
root = tree.getroot()
root[:] = xml
root.text, root.tail = xml.text, xml.tail
print et.tostring(tree, xml_declaration=True, encoding="utf-8")

prints:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE root SYSTEM "test" [
<!ENTITY tasty "cheese">
<!ENTITY eacute "é">
]>
<root><test/><a>whatever</a><end_test/></root>

Is that what you're looking for?

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菊凝晚露 2024-07-31 11:08:48

PI 实际上是作为“doc”中的前一个元素添加的。因此，它不是“doc”的子项。您必须使用“doc.getroottree()”

这是一个示例：

>>> root = etree.Element("root")
>>> a  = etree.SubElement(root, "a")
>>> b = etree.SubElement(root, "b")
>>> root.addprevious(etree.PI('xml-stylesheet', 'type="text/xsl" href="my.xsl"'))
>>> print etree.tostring(root, pretty_print=True, xml_declaration=True, encoding='utf-8')
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<root>
  <a/>
  <b/>
</root>

使用 getroottree()：

>>> print etree.tostring(root.getroottree(), pretty_print=True, xml_declaration=True, encoding='utf-8')
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="my.xsl"?>
<root>
  <a/>
  <b/>
</root>

The PI is actually added as a previous element from "doc". Thus, it's not a child of "doc". You must use "doc.getroottree()"

Here is an example:

>>> root = etree.Element("root")
>>> a  = etree.SubElement(root, "a")
>>> b = etree.SubElement(root, "b")
>>> root.addprevious(etree.PI('xml-stylesheet', 'type="text/xsl" href="my.xsl"'))
>>> print etree.tostring(root, pretty_print=True, xml_declaration=True, encoding='utf-8')
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<root>
  <a/>
  <b/>
</root>

with getroottree():

>>> print etree.tostring(root.getroottree(), pretty_print=True, xml_declaration=True, encoding='utf-8')
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="my.xsl"?>
<root>
  <a/>
  <b/>
</root>

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