“男人”在哪里？ Windows 程序（打开 UNIX 手册页的程序）？

发布于 2024-07-24 06:48:24 字数 339 浏览 18 评论 0原文

我正在寻找适用于 linux man（手动阅读器）的 Windows 可执行文件。

我尝试用谷歌搜索，但由于“人”是一个如此常见的短语，所以对它得出的结果感到沮丧。

我得到的结果是“男子在德克萨斯州被处决......”。

所以我现在关注 SO 社区。有什么线索吗？

这是我的需求：我在 Windows 上有 Portable Git。它有一个 bash windows 二进制文件。但是当它试图向我显示某些命令的帮助时，这个可怜的东西抱怨“没有手动阅读器”。因此，如果我得到一个 man 二进制文件，我会将它放在 bin/ 目录中，一切都会很顺利。

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遮了一弯 2024-07-31 06:48:24

如果您想在 Windows 中打开 Linux 风格的手册页，请获取 Groff for Windows在命令行上查看手册页，如下所示：

groff -Tascii -mm your_file | more

If you are looking to open linux style man pages in Windows, then get Groff for Windows to view the man pages on your command line as follows:

groff -Tascii -mm your_file | more

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零崎曲识 2024-07-31 06:48:24

HELP 相当于 Windows 中 man 命令。例如：

C:\> HELP
For more information on a specific command, type HELP command-name
ASSOC          Displays or modifies file extension associations.
ATTRIB         Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK          Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
BCDEDIT        Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.
CACLS          Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
CALL           Calls one batch program from another.
CD             Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP           Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR          Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK         Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHKNTFS        Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
CLS            Clears the screen.
CMD            Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
COLOR          Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COMP           Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMPACT        Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
CONVERT        Converts FAT volumes to NTFS.  You cannot convert the
               current drive.
COPY           Copies one or more files to another location.
DATE           Displays or sets the date.
DEL            Deletes one or more files.
DIR            Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
DISKCOMP       Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY       Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
DISKPART       Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.
DOSKEY         Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and 
               creates macros.
DRIVERQUERY    Displays current device driver status and properties.
ECHO           Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
ENDLOCAL       Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
ERASE          Deletes one or more files.
EXIT           Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
FC             Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the 
               differences between them.
FIND           Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FINDSTR        Searches for strings in files.
FOR            Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT         Formats a disk for use with Windows.
FSUTIL         Displays or configures the file system properties.
FTYPE          Displays or modifies file types used in file extension 
               associations.
GOTO           Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in 
               a batch program.
GPRESULT       Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.
GRAFTABL       Enables Windows to display an extended character set in 
               graphics mode.
HELP           Provides Help information for Windows commands.
ICACLS         Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and 
               directories.
IF             Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
LABEL          Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
MD             Creates a directory.
MKDIR          Creates a directory.
MKLINK         Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links
MODE           Configures a system device.
MORE           Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE           Moves one or more files from one directory to another 
               directory.
OPENFILES      Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.
PATH           Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE          Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POPD           Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by 
               PUSHD.
PRINT          Prints a text file.
PROMPT         Changes the Windows command prompt.
PUSHD          Saves the current directory then changes it.
RD             Removes a directory.
RECOVER        Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
REM            Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
REN            Renames a file or files.
RENAME         Renames a file or files.
REPLACE        Replaces files.
RMDIR          Removes a directory.
ROBOCOPY       Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
SET            Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
SETLOCAL       Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
SC             Displays or configures services (background processes).
SCHTASKS       Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
SHIFT          Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
SHUTDOWN       Allows proper local or remote shutdown of machine.
SORT           Sorts input.
START          Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
SUBST          Associates a path with a drive letter.
SYSTEMINFO     Displays machine specific properties and configuration.
TASKLIST       Displays all currently running tasks including services.
TASKKILL       Kill or stop a running process or application.
TIME           Displays or sets the system time.
TITLE          Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
TREE           Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or 
               path.
TYPE           Displays the contents of a text file.
VER            Displays the Windows version.
VERIFY         Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written
               correctly to a disk.
VOL            Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
XCOPY          Copies files and directory trees.
WMIC           Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.

For more information on tools see the command-line reference in the online help.

这是另一个例子：

C:\> HELP SET
Displays, sets, or removes cmd.exe environment variables.

SET [variable=[string]]

  variable  Specifies the environment-variable name.
  string    Specifies a series of characters to assign to the variable.

...

(I cut several pages worth of information from its output)

它提供了丰富的信息。但可惜，这实际上与调用 /? 没有什么不同。您无论如何都想使用的应用程序的参数（即：SET /？）。

但是，至少您可以使用以下命令找到您需要的应用程序，而无需知道其名称：

C:\> HELP | find /i "ACL"
CACLS          Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
ICACLS         Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and

HELP is the equivalent Windows command for man. For instance:

C:\> HELP
For more information on a specific command, type HELP command-name
ASSOC          Displays or modifies file extension associations.
ATTRIB         Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK          Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
BCDEDIT        Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.
CACLS          Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
CALL           Calls one batch program from another.
CD             Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP           Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR          Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK         Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHKNTFS        Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
CLS            Clears the screen.
CMD            Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
COLOR          Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COMP           Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMPACT        Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
CONVERT        Converts FAT volumes to NTFS.  You cannot convert the
               current drive.
COPY           Copies one or more files to another location.
DATE           Displays or sets the date.
DEL            Deletes one or more files.
DIR            Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
DISKCOMP       Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY       Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
DISKPART       Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.
DOSKEY         Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and 
               creates macros.
DRIVERQUERY    Displays current device driver status and properties.
ECHO           Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
ENDLOCAL       Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
ERASE          Deletes one or more files.
EXIT           Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
FC             Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the 
               differences between them.
FIND           Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FINDSTR        Searches for strings in files.
FOR            Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT         Formats a disk for use with Windows.
FSUTIL         Displays or configures the file system properties.
FTYPE          Displays or modifies file types used in file extension 
               associations.
GOTO           Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in 
               a batch program.
GPRESULT       Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.
GRAFTABL       Enables Windows to display an extended character set in 
               graphics mode.
HELP           Provides Help information for Windows commands.
ICACLS         Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and 
               directories.
IF             Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
LABEL          Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
MD             Creates a directory.
MKDIR          Creates a directory.
MKLINK         Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links
MODE           Configures a system device.
MORE           Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE           Moves one or more files from one directory to another 
               directory.
OPENFILES      Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.
PATH           Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE          Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POPD           Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by 
               PUSHD.
PRINT          Prints a text file.
PROMPT         Changes the Windows command prompt.
PUSHD          Saves the current directory then changes it.
RD             Removes a directory.
RECOVER        Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
REM            Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
REN            Renames a file or files.
RENAME         Renames a file or files.
REPLACE        Replaces files.
RMDIR          Removes a directory.
ROBOCOPY       Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
SET            Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
SETLOCAL       Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
SC             Displays or configures services (background processes).
SCHTASKS       Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
SHIFT          Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
SHUTDOWN       Allows proper local or remote shutdown of machine.
SORT           Sorts input.
START          Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
SUBST          Associates a path with a drive letter.
SYSTEMINFO     Displays machine specific properties and configuration.
TASKLIST       Displays all currently running tasks including services.
TASKKILL       Kill or stop a running process or application.
TIME           Displays or sets the system time.
TITLE          Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
TREE           Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or 
               path.
TYPE           Displays the contents of a text file.
VER            Displays the Windows version.
VERIFY         Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written
               correctly to a disk.
VOL            Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
XCOPY          Copies files and directory trees.
WMIC           Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.

For more information on tools see the command-line reference in the online help.

Here is another example:

C:\> HELP SET
Displays, sets, or removes cmd.exe environment variables.

SET [variable=[string]]

  variable  Specifies the environment-variable name.
  string    Specifies a series of characters to assign to the variable.

...

(I cut several pages worth of information from its output)

It provides a wealth of information. But alas, it is really no different than calling the /? parameter of the application you want to use anyway (ie: SET /?).

But, at least you can find the application you need without knowing its name by using the following:

C:\> HELP | find /i "ACL"
CACLS          Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
ICACLS         Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and

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魔法唧唧 2024-07-31 06:48:24

如果你安装 Cygwin，你会得到一个 man 命令...这当然不会涵盖 Windows 概念; Windows 文档不以 man 文件格式提供。

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能怎样 2024-07-31 06:48:24

安装 cygwin 并在 Windows 命令提示符中将路径设置为

set PATH=C:\cygwin\bin;%PATH%

并只给 'man' 它应该可以工作。

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つ低調成傷 2024-07-31 06:48:24

在 Windows 中，属于命令解释器 (cmd.exe)，如dir、copy、ren，此类命令会显示一些带有的帮助信息>/? 开关。

一些示例：

dir /?
rename /?
copy /?

这是 DOS 时代的一个保留，当时许多命令和程序使用反斜杠作为开关，并且 ? 用于显示用法和帮助信息，因此 / ? 开关。

此外，在命令解释器中输入 help 还将显示所有命令解释器命令的列表。 help 也会显示帮助信息。

Microsoft 提供了命令参考，其中包含每个命令可用的用法和选项。

In Windows, the commands that are part of the command interpreter (cmd.exe), such as the dir, copy, ren, and such commands will display some help information with the /? switch.

Some examples:

dir /?
rename /?
copy /?

This is a hold out from the DOS days when many of the commands and programs used the backslash for the switches, and ? was used for displaying usage and help information, hence the /? switch.

Also, typing help at the command interpreter will also display a listing of all the command interpreter's commands. help <command_name> will also bring up help information as well.

Microsoft provides a Command Reference which has usage and options available for each command.

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稍尽春風 2024-07-31 06:48:24

假设您已加载并正在使用适用于 Unix 应用程序的 Windows 子系统来自 shell（我更喜欢 C shell），它位于 /usr/share/man 中。只需：

   set MANPATH "/usr/share/man"

在您的 .cshrc 或 .login 启动文件中，您就可以使用以下命令：

   man 1 csh

从手册集 1 中获取有关“csh”命令的手册信息。

希望这会有所帮助。
- 甲板

assuming you have loaded and are using the Windows Subsystem for Unix Applications from a shell (I prefer the C shell) its in /usr/share/man. Just:

   set MANPATH "/usr/share/man"

in your .cshrc or .login startup files and you will then be able use the command:

   man 1 csh

to get manual information on the "csh" command from manual set 1.

hope this helps.
- Deck

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岁月静好 2024-07-31 06:48:24

我遇到了类似的问题，您可以尝试使用 --help ，它应该为您提供所需的信息
例如

ls --help

I had a similar issue, you can try using --help and it should give you the info you need
For Example

ls --help

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烟酉 2024-07-31 06:48:24

您还可以尝试此方法从 Windows 查看手册页。它非常简单，只需从 Windows 命令提示符处使用以下命令即可（无需安装）：

mandoc.exe manpage.1 | more

注意：您也可以将 mandoc.exe 放入您的 PATH 中。

You can also try this for viewing man pages from Windows. It is very simple, just use below from a Windows command prompt (no need to install it):

mandoc.exe manpage.1 | more

Note: You can also put mandoc.exe in your PATH.

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烟花肆意 2024-07-31 06:48:24

Windows 帮助通常通过 .CHM 文件发布或通过 Microsoft 知识库和 MSDN 在线发布。没有像 *NIX 系统那样的中央帮助存储库。

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北恋 2024-07-31 06:48:24

如果您的 Windows 上已经安装了 man 可执行文件（碰巧我安装了，不确定我从哪里安装它），您可以通过以下方式找到它的位置：

C:\> where man

where 查找Windows 上可执行文件的位置。

来源：https://superuser.com/ questions/49104/how-do-i-find-the-location-of-an-executable-in-windows

If you already have a man executable installed on your Windows (it happens I did, not sure where I installed it from), you can find its location with :

C:\> where man

where finds the location of the executables you have on your Windows.

Source: https://superuser.com/questions/49104/how-do-i-find-the-location-of-an-executable-in-windows

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战皆罪 2024-07-31 06:48:24

如果您使用的是 Powershell 7+，那么您可以使用以下命令来获取 man 之类的有用文档。例如，如果您想了解有关 dir 的更多信息，您可以在 PS 中使用以下命令。

Get-Help dir

“显示有关 PowerShell 命令和概念的信息。”

参考：

获取帮助文档

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拥醉 2024-07-31 06:48:24

遗憾的是，没有方便的方法在 Windows 上安装 man 实用程序，即使有，它也不会帮助您，因为 *.1 手册文件不是为 Windows 打包。（这是经典的先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题。）

但是，如果您使用 Git for Windows，您只需将此行添加到您的 ~/.bashrc 文件中：

man() { "$1" --help 2>&1 | less; }

现在，当您在 Bash 提示符下键入 man [command] 时，您将看到该命令的 --help 文本。它不如手册页那么好，但它往往包含最重要的信息。

将其连接到 less 将为您提供熟悉的 man 界面：

使用箭头键上下滚动。
按字母键 U 或 D 可以更快地滚动。
按 / 启动文本搜索。
按 Q 退出帮助屏幕并返回到 shell 提示符。

2>&1 重定向可确保您在未找到该命令时看到一条消息，否则 less 只会给您一个空屏幕。

如果您还想查看 shell 内置程序和其他好东西的帮助文本，请将其添加到 ~/.bashrc 中：

function man()
{
    (
        exec 2>&1
        type "$1" 2>/dev/null  # Print command type.
        case "$(type -t "$1")" in
        alias|function)
            :  # Do nothing. (Safest option. See below for possible alternatives.)
            ;;
        builtin|keyword)
            help -m "$1"  # Show Bash help.
            ;;
        file|*)
            "$1" --help  # Show command's help.
            ;;
        esac
    ) | less
}

alias 和 function< 的替代代码/code> 情况：

        alias)
            eval "$1" --help  # Resolve the alias. Potentially unsafe!
            ;;
        function)
            "$1" --help  # Execute the function. Potential for unintended consequences!
            ;;

此替代代码希望显示别名/函数指向的任何命令的 --help 文本。但是，它对别名/函数的构造方式做出了假设，因此不能保证它适用于所有函数/别名。此外，通常不鼓励使用eval（尽管在这里我们至少知道我们正在评估别名，只能包含受限字符集）。无论如何，这段代码可能会产生意想不到的后果，因此我决定将其排除在主要示例之外。

Sadly, there's no convenient way to install the man utility on Windows, and even if there was, it wouldn't help you because the *.1 manual files aren't packaged for Windows. (It's the classic chicken-and-egg problem.)

However, if you're using Git BASH from Git for Windows, you can simply add this line to your ~/.bashrc file:

man() { "$1" --help 2>&1 | less; }

Now when you type man [command] at the Bash prompt, you'll see the command's --help text. It's not quite as good as a manual page, but it tends to have the most important information.

Piping it to less gives you the familiar man interface:

Scroll up and down with the arrow keys.
Press the letter keys U or D to scroll faster.
Press / to initiate a text search.
Press Q to quit the help screen and return to the shell prompt.

The 2>&1 redirect ensures you'll see a message if the command isn't found, otherwise less would just give you an empty screen.

If you also want to see help text for shell-builtins and other goodies, add this to ~/.bashrc instead:

function man()
{
    (
        exec 2>&1
        type "$1" 2>/dev/null  # Print command type.
        case "$(type -t "$1")" in
        alias|function)
            :  # Do nothing. (Safest option. See below for possible alternatives.)
            ;;
        builtin|keyword)
            help -m "$1"  # Show Bash help.
            ;;
        file|*)
            "$1" --help  # Show command's help.
            ;;
        esac
    ) | less
}

Alternative code for the alias and function cases:

        alias)
            eval "$1" --help  # Resolve the alias. Potentially unsafe!
            ;;
        function)
            "$1" --help  # Execute the function. Potential for unintended consequences!
            ;;

This alternative code would hopefully show --help text for whatever command the alias/function points to. However, it makes assumptions about how the alias/function is constructed, so it's not guaranteed to work for all functions/aliases. Also, use of eval is generally discouraged (although here we do at least know that we're evaluating an alias name, which can only contain a restricted set of characters). Anyway, this code can have unintended consequences, hence I decided to leave it out of the main example.

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