Java 子字符串:“字符串索引超出范围”

发布于 2024-07-23 09:53:16 字数 1783 浏览 14 评论 0 原文

我想我收到此错误是因为该字符串试图对 null 值进行子串。 但是 ".length() > 0" 部分不会消除这个问题吗?

这是 Java 片段:

if (itemdescription.length() > 0) {
    pstmt2.setString(3, itemdescription.substring(0,38));
} else { 
    pstmt2.setString(3, "_");
} 

我收到此错误:

 java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: String index out of range: 38
    at java.lang.String.substring(Unknown Source)
    at MASInsert2.itemimport(MASInsert2.java:192)
    at MASInsert2.processRequest(MASInsert2.java:125)
    at MASInsert2.doGet(MASInsert2.java:219)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:627)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:269)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:188)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:213)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:172)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:117)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:108)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:174)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProcessor.process(Http11AprProcessor.java:835)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11AprProtocol.java:640)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$Worker.run(AprEndpoint.java:1286)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

I guess I'm getting this error because the string is trying to substring a null value. But wouldn't the ".length() > 0" part eliminate that issue?

Here is the Java snippet:

if (itemdescription.length() > 0) {
    pstmt2.setString(3, itemdescription.substring(0,38));
} else { 
    pstmt2.setString(3, "_");
} 

I got this error:

 java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: String index out of range: 38
    at java.lang.String.substring(Unknown Source)
    at MASInsert2.itemimport(MASInsert2.java:192)
    at MASInsert2.processRequest(MASInsert2.java:125)
    at MASInsert2.doGet(MASInsert2.java:219)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:627)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:269)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:188)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:213)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:172)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:117)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:108)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:174)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProcessor.process(Http11AprProcessor.java:835)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11AprProtocol.java:640)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$Worker.run(AprEndpoint.java:1286)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

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评论(13

永言不败 2024-07-30 09:53:16

遗憾的是,substring 没有以处理短字符串的方式实现——就像其他语言(例如 Python)一样。

好吧,我们无法改变这一点,并且每次使用 substr 时都必须考虑这种边缘情况,我会选择这个较短的变体,而不是 if-else 子句:

myText.substring(0, Math.min(6, myText.length()))

It is a pity that substring is not implemented in a way that handles short strings – like in other languages e.g. Python.

Ok, we cannot change that and have to consider this edge case every time we use substr, instead of if-else clauses I would go for this shorter variant:

myText.substring(0, Math.min(6, myText.length()))
烙印 2024-07-30 09:53:16

我猜我遇到了这个错误
因为字符串试图
子字符串为 Null 值。 但不会
“.length() > 0”部分消除
这个问题?

不,当 itemdescription 为 null 时调用 itemdescription.length() 不会生成 StringIndexOutOfBoundsException,而是生成 NullPointerException,因为您实际上是在尝试调用 null 上的方法。

正如其他人所指出的,StringIndexOutOfBoundsException 指示 itemdescription 的长度不至少为 38 个字符。 您可能想处理这两个条件(我假设您想截断):

final String value;
if (itemdescription == null || itemdescription.length() <= 0) {
    value = "_";
} else if (itemdescription.length() <= 38) {
    value = itemdescription;
} else { 
    value = itemdescription.substring(0, 38);
}
pstmt2.setString(3, value);

如果您经常这样做,可能是实用函数的好地方......

I"m guessing i'm getting this error
because the string is trying to
substring a Null value. But wouldn't
the ".length() > 0" part eliminate
that issue?

No, calling itemdescription.length() when itemdescription is null would not generate a StringIndexOutOfBoundsException, but rather a NullPointerException since you would essentially be trying to call a method on null.

As others have indicated, StringIndexOutOfBoundsException indicates that itemdescription is not at least 38 characters long. You probably want to handle both conditions (I assuming you want to truncate):

final String value;
if (itemdescription == null || itemdescription.length() <= 0) {
    value = "_";
} else if (itemdescription.length() <= 38) {
    value = itemdescription;
} else { 
    value = itemdescription.substring(0, 38);
}
pstmt2.setString(3, value);

Might be a good place for a utility function if you do that a lot...

回心转意 2024-07-30 09:53:16

我会推荐 apache commons lang。 一句话就能解决这个问题。

pstmt2.setString(3, StringUtils.defaultIfEmpty(
    StringUtils.subString(itemdescription,0, 38), "_")); 

I would recommend apache commons lang. A one-liner takes care of the problem.

pstmt2.setString(3, StringUtils.defaultIfEmpty(
    StringUtils.subString(itemdescription,0, 38), "_")); 
软的没边 2024-07-30 09:53:16

当您尝试获取从比字符串长的索引开始的子字符串时,Java 的 substring 方法会失败。

一个简单的替代方法是使用 Apache Commons StringUtils.substring

public static String substring(String str, int start)

Gets a substring from the specified String avoiding exceptions.

A negative start position can be used to start n characters from the end of the String.

A null String will return null. An empty ("") String will return "".

 StringUtils.substring(null, *)   = null
 StringUtils.substring("", *)     = ""
 StringUtils.substring("abc", 0)  = "abc"
 StringUtils.substring("abc", 2)  = "c"
 StringUtils.substring("abc", 4)  = ""
 StringUtils.substring("abc", -2) = "bc"
 StringUtils.substring("abc", -4) = "abc"

Parameters:
str - the String to get the substring from, may be null
start - the position to start from, negative means count back from the end of the String by this many characters

Returns:
substring from start position, null if null String input

注意,如果您由于某种原因无法使用 Apache Commons lib,您可以从来源

// Substring
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
 * <p>Gets a substring from the specified String avoiding exceptions.</p>
 *
 * <p>A negative start position can be used to start {@code n}
 * characters from the end of the String.</p>
 *
 * <p>A {@code null} String will return {@code null}.
 * An empty ("") String will return "".</p>
 *
 * <pre>
 * StringUtils.substring(null, *)   = null
 * StringUtils.substring("", *)     = ""
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", 0)  = "abc"
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", 2)  = "c"
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", 4)  = ""
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", -2) = "bc"
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", -4) = "abc"
 * </pre>
 *
 * @param str  the String to get the substring from, may be null
 * @param start  the position to start from, negative means
 *  count back from the end of the String by this many characters
 * @return substring from start position, {@code null} if null String input
 */
public static String substring(final String str, int start) {
    if (str == null) {
        return null;
    }

    // handle negatives, which means last n characters
    if (start < 0) {
        start = str.length() + start; // remember start is negative
    }

    if (start < 0) {
        start = 0;
    }
    if (start > str.length()) {
        return EMPTY;
    }

    return str.substring(start);
}

Java's substring method fails when you try and get a substring starting at an index which is longer than the string.

An easy alternative is to use Apache Commons StringUtils.substring:

public static String substring(String str, int start)

Gets a substring from the specified String avoiding exceptions.

A negative start position can be used to start n characters from the end of the String.

A null String will return null. An empty ("") String will return "".

 StringUtils.substring(null, *)   = null
 StringUtils.substring("", *)     = ""
 StringUtils.substring("abc", 0)  = "abc"
 StringUtils.substring("abc", 2)  = "c"
 StringUtils.substring("abc", 4)  = ""
 StringUtils.substring("abc", -2) = "bc"
 StringUtils.substring("abc", -4) = "abc"

Parameters:
str - the String to get the substring from, may be null
start - the position to start from, negative means count back from the end of the String by this many characters

Returns:
substring from start position, null if null String input

Note, if you can't use Apache Commons lib for some reason, you could just grab the parts you need from the source

// Substring
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
 * <p>Gets a substring from the specified String avoiding exceptions.</p>
 *
 * <p>A negative start position can be used to start {@code n}
 * characters from the end of the String.</p>
 *
 * <p>A {@code null} String will return {@code null}.
 * An empty ("") String will return "".</p>
 *
 * <pre>
 * StringUtils.substring(null, *)   = null
 * StringUtils.substring("", *)     = ""
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", 0)  = "abc"
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", 2)  = "c"
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", 4)  = ""
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", -2) = "bc"
 * StringUtils.substring("abc", -4) = "abc"
 * </pre>
 *
 * @param str  the String to get the substring from, may be null
 * @param start  the position to start from, negative means
 *  count back from the end of the String by this many characters
 * @return substring from start position, {@code null} if null String input
 */
public static String substring(final String str, int start) {
    if (str == null) {
        return null;
    }

    // handle negatives, which means last n characters
    if (start < 0) {
        start = str.length() + start; // remember start is negative
    }

    if (start < 0) {
        start = 0;
    }
    if (start > str.length()) {
        return EMPTY;
    }

    return str.substring(start);
}
微暖i 2024-07-30 09:53:16

您确实需要检查字符串的长度是否大于或等于 38。

You really need to check if the string's length is greater to or equal to 38.

煮茶煮酒煮时光 2024-07-30 09:53:16

substring(0,38) 表示字符串必须为 38 个字符或更长。 如果不是,则“字符串索引超出范围”。

substring(0,38) means the String has to be 38 characters or longer. If not, the "String index is out of range".

无法言说的痛 2024-07-30 09:53:16
if (itemdescription != null && itemdescription.length() > 0) {
    pstmt2.setString(3, itemdescription.substring(0, Math.min(itemdescription.length(), 38))); 
} else { 
    pstmt2.setString(3, "_"); 
}
if (itemdescription != null && itemdescription.length() > 0) {
    pstmt2.setString(3, itemdescription.substring(0, Math.min(itemdescription.length(), 38))); 
} else { 
    pstmt2.setString(3, "_"); 
}
绝不服输 2024-07-30 09:53:16

我假设您的列长度为 38 个字符,因此您需要截断 itemdescription 以适合数据库。 像下面这样的实用函数应该可以完成您想要的操作:

/**
 * Truncates s to fit within len. If s is null, null is returned.
 **/
public String truncate(String s, int len) { 
  if (s == null) return null;
  return s.substring(0, Math.min(len, s.length()));
}

然后您只需像这样调用它:

String value = "_";
if (itemdescription != null && itemdescription.length() > 0) {
  value = truncate(itemdescription, 38);
}

pstmt2.setString(3, value);

I'm assuming your column is 38 characters in length, so you want to truncate itemdescription to fit within the database. A utility function like the following should do what you want:

/**
 * Truncates s to fit within len. If s is null, null is returned.
 **/
public String truncate(String s, int len) { 
  if (s == null) return null;
  return s.substring(0, Math.min(len, s.length()));
}

then you just call it like so:

String value = "_";
if (itemdescription != null && itemdescription.length() > 0) {
  value = truncate(itemdescription, 38);
}

pstmt2.setString(3, value);
梦里人 2024-07-30 09:53:16

itemdescription 少于 38 个字符。 这就是抛出 StringOutOfBoundsException 的原因。

检查 .length() > 0 只是确保 String 有一些非空值,您需要做的是检查长度是否足够长。 你可以尝试:

if(itemdescription.length() > 38)
  ...

itemdescription is shorter than 38 chars. Which is why the StringOutOfBoundsException is being thrown.

Checking .length() > 0 simply makes sure the String has some not-null value, what you need to do is check that the length is long enough. You could try:

if(itemdescription.length() > 38)
  ...
锦欢 2024-07-30 09:53:16

您必须检查字符串长度。 您假设只要 String 不为 null 就可以执行 substring(0,38),但实际上您需要 String 的长度至少为 38 个字符。

You must check the String length. You assume that you can do substring(0,38) as long as String is not null, but you actually need the String to be of at least 38 characters length.

拥醉 2024-07-30 09:53:16

当合适时,我使用匹配而不是子字符串

使用子字符串

if( myString.substring(1,17).equals("Someting I expect") ) {
    // Do stuff
}
// Does NOT work if myString is too short

使用匹配(必须使用正则表达式表示法):

if( myString.matches("Someting I expect.*") ) {
    // Do stuff
}
// This works with all strings

When this is appropriate, I use matches instead of substring.

With substring:

if( myString.substring(1,17).equals("Someting I expect") ) {
    // Do stuff
}
// Does NOT work if myString is too short

With matches (must use Regex notation):

if( myString.matches("Someting I expect.*") ) {
    // Do stuff
}
// This works with all strings
那支青花 2024-07-30 09:53:16

如果有人面临同样的问题。

做这个:
str.substring (...(trim()) ;

希望它对某人有帮助

Should anyone face the same problem.

Do this:
str.substring (...(trim()) ;

Hope it helps somebodies ????

笑红尘 2024-07-30 09:53:16

如果 itemdescription 少于 38 个字符,您会得到此信息

您可以在 JAVA API 中查看抛出哪些异常以及何时抛出
在您的情况下 String#substring(int,int): https://docs.oracle.com/javase/9​​/docs/api/java/lang/String.html#substring-int-int-

substring
public String substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex)
   . . .

Throws:
 IndexOutOfBoundsException
 if the beginIndex is negative,
 or endIndex is larger than the length of this String object, 
 or beginIndex is larger than endIndex.



(same applies to previous java versions as well)

You get this if itemdescription is shorter than 38 characters

You can look which exceptions are thrown and when in the JAVA API
in you case for String#substring(int,int): https://docs.oracle.com/javase/9/docs/api/java/lang/String.html#substring-int-int-

substring
public String substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex)
   . . .

Throws:
 IndexOutOfBoundsException
 if the beginIndex is negative,
 or endIndex is larger than the length of this String object, 
 or beginIndex is larger than endIndex.



(same applies to previous java versions as well)
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