如何使用 VBA 使用记录集填充组合框
专家交流中提供了一些文献以及 teck Republic< /a> 关于使用combobox.recordset 属性填充Access 表单中的组合框。
这些控件通常在控件的“rowsource”属性中填充“SELECT *”字符串,引用应用程序客户端上可用的表或查询。 当我需要在组合框中显示服务器端数据时,我创建一个临时本地表并导入请求的记录。 这非常耗时,特别是对于大表。
能够使用记录集填充组合框控件将允许用户直接显示来自服务器端的数据。
受前面 2 个示例的启发,我编写了一些代码,如下所示:
Dim rsPersonne as ADODB.recordset
Set rsPersonne = New ADODB.Recordset
Set rsPersonne.ActiveConnection = connexionActive
rsPersonne.CursorType = adOpenDynamic
rsPersonne.LockType = adLockPessimistic
rsPersonne.CursorLocation = adUseClient
rsPersonne.Open "SELECT id_Personne, nomPersonne FROM Tbl_Personne"
fc().Controls("id_Personne").Recordset = rsPersonne
其中:
- connexionActive:是我与数据库服务器的永久 ADO 连接
- fc():是我当前/活动的表单
- 控件(“id_Personne”):是 用于填充的组合框控件 公司员工名单
- 2003年Access版本
不幸的是,它不起作用!
在调试模式下,我能够检查记录集是否已正确创建,包含请求的列和数据,并且是否正确关联到组合框控件。 不幸的是,当我显示表单时,我不断收到一个空的组合框,其中没有任何记录! 非常感谢任何帮助。
编辑:
这个记录集属性确实可用于特定的组合框对象,而不是标准控件对象,几天前我很惊讶地发现它。 我已经尝试过使用组合框的回调函数,或者使用组合框的“addItem”方法填充列表。 所有这些都非常耗时。
There is some literature available at expert's exchange and at teck republic about using the combobox.recordset property to populate a combobox in an Access form.
These controls are usually populated with a "SELECT *" string in the 'rowsource' properties of the control, referencing a table or query available on the client's side of the app. When I need to display server's side data in a combobox, I create a temporary local table and import requested records. This is time consuming, specially with large tables.
Being able to use a recordset to populate a combobox control would allow the user to directly display data from the server's side.
Inspired by the 2 previous examples, I wrote some code as follow:
Dim rsPersonne as ADODB.recordset
Set rsPersonne = New ADODB.Recordset
Set rsPersonne.ActiveConnection = connexionActive
rsPersonne.CursorType = adOpenDynamic
rsPersonne.LockType = adLockPessimistic
rsPersonne.CursorLocation = adUseClient
rsPersonne.Open "SELECT id_Personne, nomPersonne FROM Tbl_Personne"
fc().Controls("id_Personne").Recordset = rsPersonne
Where:
- connexionActive: is my permanent ADO connection to my database server
- fc(): is my current/active form
- controls("id_Personne"): is the
combobox control to populate with
company's staff list - Access version in 2003
Unfortunately, it doesn't work!
In debug mode, I am able to check that the recordset is properly created, with requested columns and data, and properly associated to the combobox control. Unfortunately, when I display the form, I keep getting an empty combobox, with no records in it! Any help is highly appreciated.
EDIT:
This recordset property is indeed available for the specific combobox object, not for the standard control object, and I was very surprised to discover it a few days ago.
I have already tried to use combobox's callback function, or to populate a list with the "addItem" method of the combobox,. All of these are time consuming.
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要设置接受记录集行源的控件,请执行以下操作:
当然可以与 DAO 记录集一起使用,我还没有尝试过 ADO 记录集,因为我没有任何真正的理由使用它们。
当这样做时,简单的重新查询将无法刷新数据,您必须重复设置语句。
To set a control that accepts a rowsource to a recordset you do the following:
Works with DAO Recordsets for sure, I haven't tried ADO recordsets because I don't have any real reason to use them.
When done this way, a simple requery will not work to refresh the data, you must do a repeat of the set statement.
如前所述,您必须将 RowSourceType 设置为“Table/Query”(或“Table/Requête”,如果是法语),以便在组合框中显示查询结果。
您的内存问题是由于打开记录集(rsPersonne)而不关闭它而引起的。 您应该在关闭/卸载表单时关闭它们(但您又会遇到范围问题,因为记录集是在函数中声明的,而不是在表单中声明的)。
您还可以尝试使用 Access 的内置查询创建器创建并保存查询,并将相同的查询插入组合框的 RowSource 中。 这样查询就可以在 Access 中得到验证和编译。
As was said, you have to get the RowSourceType to "Table/Query" (or "Table/Requête" if in french) in order to show query results in the combobox.
Your memory problems arise from opening the recordset (rsPersonne) without closing it. You should close them when closing/unloading the form (but then again you would have scope problems since the recordset is declared in the function and not in the form).
You could also try to create and save a query with Access's built-in query creator and plug that same query in the RowSource of your combobox. That way the query is validated and compiled within Access.
使用 Recordset 属性的好方法,感谢您的提示!
Patrick,您在页面上显示的方法有一个很大的缺点(我自己也尝试过):值列表只能是 32 KB,如果超过此限制,函数将抛出错误。
回调方法有一个很大的缺点,它非常慢,并且每个条目都会调用一次,这使得它无法用于较长的列表。
使用记录集方法效果很好。 我需要这个,因为我的 SQL 字符串超过 32 KB(WHERE ID IN(x,x,x,x,x...) 的大量索引值)。
下面是一个简单的函数,它使用这个想法将记录集设置到组合框:(
函数 fnADOSelectCommon 打开一个 ADO 记录集并将其返回。函数 fnErr 显示一个包含错误的消息框(如果有的话)。)
当该函数关闭时打开的记录集内存应该没有问题。 我测试了它,没有看到任何内存增加,这些内存在使用组合框关闭表单后没有释放。
在表单的卸载事件中,您还可以使用“Set rs=Me.Comboboxname.Recordset”,然后将其关闭。 对于内存来说,这不是必需的,但释放打开的连接可能更好(如果与后端数据库服务器一起使用)。
干杯,
克里斯蒂安
good method with using the Recordset property, thanks for that hint!
Patrick, the method you shown on your page has a big disadvantage (I tried that too on my own): The value list can only be 32 KB, if you exceed this limit the function will throw an error.
The callback method has the big disadvantage that it is very slow and it is called once for every entry which makes it unuseable for a longer list.
Using the recordset method works very well. I needed this because my SQL string was longer than 32 KB (lot of index values for WHERE ID IN(x,x,x,x,x...)).
Here's a simple function which uses this idea to set a recordset to the combobox:
(The function fnADOSelectCommon opens an ADO recordset and gives it back. The function fnErr shows a message box with the error, if there was one.)
As this function closes the opened recordset there should be no problem with the memory. I tested it and didn't saw any increasing of memory which wasn't released after closing the form with the comboboxes.
In the Unload Event of the form you can additionaly use a "Set rs=Me.Comboboxname.Recordset" and then close it. This should not be necessary regarding memory, but it may be better to free up open connections (if used with a backend database server).
Cheers,
Christian
我发现了窍门...组合框控件的“rowSourceType”属性必须设置为“表/查询”。 显示现在可以了,但我现在有另一个内存问题。 由于我在表单上使用这些 ADO 记录集,因此每次浏览表单时 Access 的内存使用量都会增加。 停止浏览或关闭表单都不会释放内存,从而导致 MS Access 不稳定并经常冻结。 如果我无法解决这个问题,我会提出一个问题
I found the trick ... the "rowSourceType" property of the combobox control has to be set to "Table/Query". Display is now ok, but I have now another issue with memory. Since I use these ADO recordsets on my forms, memory usage of Access is increasing each time I browse a form. Memory is not freed either by stopping the browsing or closing the form, making MS Access unstable and regularly freezing. I will open a question if I cannot solve this issue
组合框控件没有记录集属性。 它确实有一个 RowSource 属性,但 Access 需要其中有一个 SQL 字符串。
您可以将 RowSourceType 更改为用户定义的“回调”函数的名称。 通过将自己定位在 RowSourceType 上并按 F1,访问帮助将为您提供更多信息,包括示例代码。 当我想向用户提供可用报告、驱动器盘符或无法通过 SQL 查询获得的其他数据的列表时,我会使用此类函数。
我不明白你的第三段关于直接使用来自服务器端的数据的意思。 或者更确切地说,我不明白使用标准查询的问题是什么。
A combo box control does not have a recordset property. It does have a RowSource property but Access is expecting a SQL string in there.
You can change the RowSourceType to the name of a user defined "callback" function. Access help will give you more information including sample code by positioning yourself on the RowSourceType and pressing F1. I use this type of function when I want to give the users a list of available reports, drive letters, or other data that is not available via a SQL query.
I don't understand what you mean by your third paragraph with respect to using data directly from the server side. Or rather I don't understand what the problem is with using standard queries.
在 MS Access 中,没问题,但在 VB 中,您可以使用 adodc (Jet 4.0) 使用类似的内容:
In MS Access, it's ok, but in VB, you may use something like this using adodc (Jet 4.0):