protobuf 和 List; - 如何序列化/反序列化?

发布于 2024-07-22 13:12:23 字数 266 浏览 9 评论 0原文

我有一个 List,其中包含不同类型的对象,例如整数、字符串和自定义类型。 所有自定义类型均经过 protobuf 调整。 我现在想做的是使用 protobuf.net 序列化/反序列化这个列表。 到目前为止,我怀疑我必须显式声明每种类型,不幸的是,这对于这些混合列表构造来说是不可能的。 因为二进制格式化程序可以毫无问题地执行这些操作,所以我希望我错过了一些东西,并且您可以帮助我。 所以我的问题是如何处理 protobuf.net 中的对象。

I have a List<object> with different types of objects in it like integers, strings, and custom types. All custom types are protobuf-adjusted.
What I wanna do now is to serialize / deserialize this list with protobuf.net. Up until now I suspect that I have to declare each and every type explicitly, which is unfortunately not possible with these mixed-list constructs. Because the binary formater has no problems to do these things I hope that I missed something and that you can help me out.
So my question is how to deal with objects in protobuf.net.

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陌上青苔 2024-07-29 13:12:23

(披露:我是 protobuf-net 的作者)

BinaryFormatter 是一个基于元数据的序列化器; 即它发送有关每个序列化对象的.NET 类型信息。 protobuf-net 是一个基于契约的序列化器(XmlSerializer / DataContractSerializer 的二进制等价物,它也会拒绝这一点)。

当前没有传输任意对象的机制,因为另一端无法知道您正在发送的内容; 但是,如果您想要发送一组已知不同的不同对象类型,则可能有其他选择。 管道中还有允许运行时可扩展模式(而不仅仅是在构建时固定的属性)的工作 - 但这还远未完成。


这并不理想,但它有效......当我完成支持运行时模式的工作时,它应该更容易:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using ProtoBuf;
[ProtoContract]
[ProtoInclude(10, typeof(DataItem<int>))]
[ProtoInclude(11, typeof(DataItem<string>))]
[ProtoInclude(12, typeof(DataItem<DateTime>))]
[ProtoInclude(13, typeof(DataItem<Foo>))]
abstract class DataItem {
    public static DataItem<T> Create<T>(T value) {
        return new DataItem<T>(value);
    }
    public object Value {
        get { return ValueImpl; }
        set { ValueImpl = value; }
    }
    protected abstract object ValueImpl {get;set;}
    protected DataItem() { }
}
[ProtoContract]
sealed class DataItem<T> : DataItem {
    public DataItem() { }
    public DataItem(T value) { Value = value; }
    [ProtoMember(1)]
    public new T Value { get; set; }
    protected override object ValueImpl {
        get { return Value; }
        set { Value = (T)value; }
    }
}
[ProtoContract]
public class Foo {
    [ProtoMember(1)]
    public string Bar { get; set; }
    public override string ToString() {
        return "Foo with Bar=" + Bar;
    }
}
static class Program {
    static void Main() {
        var items = new List<DataItem>();
        items.Add(DataItem.Create(12345));
        items.Add(DataItem.Create(DateTime.Today));
        items.Add(DataItem.Create("abcde"));
        items.Add(DataItem.Create(new Foo { Bar = "Marc" }));
        items.Add(DataItem.Create(67890));

        // serialize and deserialize
        var clone = Serializer.DeepClone(items);
        foreach (DataItem item in clone) {
            Console.WriteLine(item.Value);
        }
    }
}

(disclosure: I'm the author of protobuf-net)

BinaryFormatter is a metadata-based serializer; i.e. it sends .NET type information about every object serialized. protobuf-net is a contract-based serializer (the binary equivalent of XmlSerializer / DataContractSerializer, which will also reject this).

There is no current mechanism for transporting arbitrary objects, since the other end will have no way of knowing what you are sending; however, if you have a known set of different object types you want to send, there may be options. There is also work in the pipeline to allow runtime-extensible schemas (rather than just attributes, which are fixed at build) - but this is far from complete.


This isn't ideal, but it works... it should be easier when I've completed the work to support runtime schemas:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using ProtoBuf;
[ProtoContract]
[ProtoInclude(10, typeof(DataItem<int>))]
[ProtoInclude(11, typeof(DataItem<string>))]
[ProtoInclude(12, typeof(DataItem<DateTime>))]
[ProtoInclude(13, typeof(DataItem<Foo>))]
abstract class DataItem {
    public static DataItem<T> Create<T>(T value) {
        return new DataItem<T>(value);
    }
    public object Value {
        get { return ValueImpl; }
        set { ValueImpl = value; }
    }
    protected abstract object ValueImpl {get;set;}
    protected DataItem() { }
}
[ProtoContract]
sealed class DataItem<T> : DataItem {
    public DataItem() { }
    public DataItem(T value) { Value = value; }
    [ProtoMember(1)]
    public new T Value { get; set; }
    protected override object ValueImpl {
        get { return Value; }
        set { Value = (T)value; }
    }
}
[ProtoContract]
public class Foo {
    [ProtoMember(1)]
    public string Bar { get; set; }
    public override string ToString() {
        return "Foo with Bar=" + Bar;
    }
}
static class Program {
    static void Main() {
        var items = new List<DataItem>();
        items.Add(DataItem.Create(12345));
        items.Add(DataItem.Create(DateTime.Today));
        items.Add(DataItem.Create("abcde"));
        items.Add(DataItem.Create(new Foo { Bar = "Marc" }));
        items.Add(DataItem.Create(67890));

        // serialize and deserialize
        var clone = Serializer.DeepClone(items);
        foreach (DataItem item in clone) {
            Console.WriteLine(item.Value);
        }
    }
}
我很OK 2024-07-29 13:12:23

有一种方法可以做到这一点,尽管不是一种非常干净的方法,即使用包装器对象,该包装器对象利用另一种支持任意对象的序列化机制。 我在下面使用 JSON 展示了一个示例,但正如我所说,采用不同的序列化工具似乎违背了使用 protobuf 的目的:

[DataContract]
public class ObjectWrapper
{
    [DataMember(Order = 1)]
    private readonly string _serialisedContent;

    [DataMember(Order = 2)]
    private readonly string _serialisedType;

    public object Content { get; private set; }

    [UsedImplicitly]
    private ObjectWrapper() { }

    public ObjectWrapper(object content)
    {
        _serialisedContent = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(content);
        _serialisedType = content.GetType().FullName;
        Content = content;
    }

    [ProtoAfterDeserialization]
    private void Initialise()
    {
        var type = Type.GetType(_serialisedType);

        Content = type != null
            ? JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(_serialisedContent, type)
            : JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(_serialisedContent);
    }
}

编辑:这也可以使用 C# 的内置二进制序列化来完成

[DataContract]
public class ObjectWrapper
{
    [DataMember(Order = 1)]
    private readonly string _serialisedContent;

    public object Content { get; private set; }

    [UsedImplicitly]
    private ObjectWrapper() { }

    public ObjectWrapper(object content)
    {
        using (var stream = new MemoryStream())
        {
            var formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            formatter.Serialize(stream, content);
            stream.Flush();
            stream.Position = 0;
            _serialisedContent = Convert.ToBase64String(stream.ToArray());
        }
    }

    [ProtoAfterDeserialization]
    private void Initialise()
    {
        var data = Convert.FromBase64String(source);
        using (var stream = new MemoryStream(data))
        {
            var formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            return formatter.Deserialize(stream);
        }
    }
}

There is a way of doing this, albeit not a very clean way, by using a wrapper object that utilises another serialisation mechanism that supports arbitrary objects. I am presenting an example below using JSON but, like I said, resorting to a different serialisation tool seems like defeating the purpose of using protobuf:

[DataContract]
public class ObjectWrapper
{
    [DataMember(Order = 1)]
    private readonly string _serialisedContent;

    [DataMember(Order = 2)]
    private readonly string _serialisedType;

    public object Content { get; private set; }

    [UsedImplicitly]
    private ObjectWrapper() { }

    public ObjectWrapper(object content)
    {
        _serialisedContent = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(content);
        _serialisedType = content.GetType().FullName;
        Content = content;
    }

    [ProtoAfterDeserialization]
    private void Initialise()
    {
        var type = Type.GetType(_serialisedType);

        Content = type != null
            ? JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(_serialisedContent, type)
            : JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(_serialisedContent);
    }
}

EDIT: This can also be done using C#'s built-in binary serialisation

[DataContract]
public class ObjectWrapper
{
    [DataMember(Order = 1)]
    private readonly string _serialisedContent;

    public object Content { get; private set; }

    [UsedImplicitly]
    private ObjectWrapper() { }

    public ObjectWrapper(object content)
    {
        using (var stream = new MemoryStream())
        {
            var formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            formatter.Serialize(stream, content);
            stream.Flush();
            stream.Position = 0;
            _serialisedContent = Convert.ToBase64String(stream.ToArray());
        }
    }

    [ProtoAfterDeserialization]
    private void Initialise()
    {
        var data = Convert.FromBase64String(source);
        using (var stream = new MemoryStream(data))
        {
            var formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            return formatter.Deserialize(stream);
        }
    }
}
来世叙缘 2024-07-29 13:12:23
List<YourClass> list;
ProtoBuf.Serializer.Deserialize<List<YourClass>>(filestream);
List<YourClass> list;
ProtoBuf.Serializer.Deserialize<List<YourClass>>(filestream);
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