你在 PowerShell 中吗？

Question

如何使用 PowerShell 获得 du 式分析？ 我想定期检查磁盘上目录的大小。

以下给出了当前目录中每个文件的大小：

foreach ($o in gci)
{
   Write-output $o.Length
}

但我真正想要的是目录中所有文件（包括子目录）的总大小。 另外，我希望能够根据大小对其进行排序（可选）。

Answer 1

“探索美丽的语言”博客中有一个实现：

“Powershell 中“du -s *”的实现”

function directory-summary($dir=".") { 
  get-childitem $dir | 
    % { $f = $_ ; 
        get-childitem -r $_.FullName | 
           measure-object -property length -sum | 
             select @{Name="Name";Expression={$f}},Sum}
}

（博客所有者的代码：Luis Diego Fallas）

输出：

PS C:\Python25> directory-summary

Name                  Sum
----                  ---
DLLs              4794012
Doc               4160038
include            382592
Lib              13752327
libs               948600
tcl               3248808
Tools              547784
LICENSE.txt         13817
NEWS.txt            88573
python.exe          24064
pythonw.exe         24576
README.txt          56691
w9xpopen.exe         4608

Answer 2

我稍微修改了答案中的命令，以按大小降序排序，并包含以 MB 为单位的大小：

gci . | 
  %{$f=$_; gci -r $_.FullName | 
    measure-object -property length -sum |
    select  @{Name="Name"; Expression={$f}}, 
            @{Name="Sum (MB)"; 
            Expression={"{0:N3}" -f ($_.sum / 1MB) }}, Sum } |
  sort Sum -desc |
  format-table -Property Name,"Sum (MB)", Sum -autosize

输出：

PS C:\scripts> du

Name                                 Sum (MB)       Sum
----                                 --------       ---
results                              101.297  106217913
SysinternalsSuite                    56.081    58805079
ALUC                                 25.473    26710018
dir                                  11.812    12385690
dir2                                 3.168      3322298

也许这不是最有效的方法，但它有效。

Answer 3

如果您只需要该路径的总大小，可以使用一个简化版本，

Get-ChildItem -Recurse ${HERE_YOUR_PATH} | Measure-Object -Sum Length

Answer 4

function Get-DiskUsage ([string]$path=".") {
    $groupedList = Get-ChildItem -Recurse -File $path | Group-Object directoryName | select name,@{name='length'; expression={($_.group | Measure-Object -sum length).sum } }
    foreach ($dn in $groupedList) {
        New-Object psobject -Property @{ directoryName=$dn.name; length=($groupedList | where { $_.name -like "$($dn.name)*" } | Measure-Object -Sum length).sum }
    }
}

我的有点不同； 我将目录名上的所有文件分组，然后遍历每个目录的构建总数列表（包括子目录）。

Answer 5

基于之前的答案，这适用于那些想要以 KB、MB、GB 等显示大小，并且仍然能够按大小排序的人。 要更改单位，只需将“Name=”和“Expression=”中的“MB”更改为所需单位即可。 您还可以通过更改“2”来更改要显示的小数位数（四舍五入）。

function du($path=".") {
    Get-ChildItem $path |
    ForEach-Object {
        $file = $_
        Get-ChildItem -File -Recurse $_.FullName | Measure-Object -Property length -Sum |
        Select-Object -Property @{Name="Name";Expression={$file}},
                                @{Name="Size(MB)";Expression={[math]::round(($_.Sum / 1MB),2)}} # round 2 decimal places
    }
}

这将大小作为数字而不是字符串（如另一个答案中所示）提供，因此可以按大小排序。 例如：

PS C:\Users\merce> du | Sort-Object -Property "Size(MB)" -Descending

Name      Size(MB)
----      --------
OneDrive  30944.04
Downloads    401.7
Desktop     335.07
.vscode     301.02
Intel         6.62
Pictures      6.36
Music         0.06
Favorites     0.02
.ssh          0.01
Searches         0
Links            0

Answer 6

Here is a simple recursive powershell script that does the job.
It is not as slick as the sysinternals du and in my example it is showing directories in C:\Program Files that have more than 200 MB in them.

Function List-DiskUsage {
    Param ($Path= '.\')
           

 if ($FirstTime ) {  
                     $lvl=0
                     $FirstTime = $false
     }
    $ar[$lvl].WholePath=$Path

    Get-ChildItem -Path $Path -Force -ErrorAction  SilentlyContinue| ForEach-Object {
       
        If (! $_.PSIsContainer ) {
          $len = [math]::Round($_.Length/1MB,2)
          $ar[$lvl].AccumSize+=$len
#          write-host    $lvl "   File          "  $_.Name   "      "   $len  "      " $_.FullName
         
        } ElseIf ($_.PSIsContainer) {
            $ar[$lvl].NumSubDirs+=1
            $lvl+=1
#write-host  $lvl "  Directory         "     $_.Name   "       "   $_.Length  "      " $_.FullName
            List-DiskUsage($Path=$_.FullName)
            $lvl-=1
  if ($ar[$lvl+1].AccumSize -gt 200 ) {
       $newlen=[math]::Round($ar[$lvl+1].AccumSize,0)

       Write-host  $newlen "`tMB     "  $ar[$lvl+1].WholePath  " Dirs= " $ar[$lvl+1].NumSubDirs 
  } 

#           add this level totals into next higher level.

            $ar[$lvl].AccumSize+=$ar[$lvl+1].AccumSize
            $ar[$lvl+1].AccumSize=0
            $ar[$lvl+1].WholePath=""
            $ar[$lvl+1].NumSubdirs=0
        } # End If-ElseIf.
    } # End ForEach-Object.
if ($lvl -eq 0 ) {
       $newlen=[math]::Round($ar[0].AccumSize,0)
       Write-host  $newlen "`tMB     "  $ar[0].WholePath  " Dirs= " $ar[0].NumSubDirs 
    }

} # End Function: List-DiskUsage.




$Global:FirstTime="True"
$Global:lvl=0

$Global:ar = @(
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
    [pscustomobject]@{WholePath='';AccumSize=0;NumSubDirs=0}
 )

List-DiskUsage("C:\Program Files")

    

Answer 7

我自己使用之前的答案的看法：

function Format-FileSize([int64] $size) {
    if ($size -lt 1024)
    {
        return $size
    }
    if ($size -lt 1Mb)
    {
        return "{0:0.0} Kb" -f ($size/1Kb)
    }
    if ($size -lt 1Gb)
    {
        return "{0:0.0} Mb" -f ($size/1Mb)
    }
    return "{0:0.0} Gb" -f ($size/1Gb)
}

function du {
        param(
        [System.String]
        $Path=".",
        [switch]
        $SortBySize,
        [switch]
        $Summary
    )
    $path = (get-item ".").FullName
    $groupedList = Get-ChildItem -Recurse -File $Path | 
        Group-Object directoryName | 
            select name,@{name='length'; expression={($_.group | Measure-Object -sum length).sum } }
    $results = ($groupedList | % {
        $dn = $_
        if ($summary -and ($path -ne $dn.name)) {
            return
        }
        $size = ($groupedList | where { $_.name -like "$($dn.name)*" } | Measure-Object -Sum length).sum
        New-Object psobject -Property @{ 
            Directory=$dn.name; 
            Size=Format-FileSize($size);
            Bytes=$size` 
        }
    })
    if ($SortBySize)
        { $results = $results | sort-object -property Bytes }
    $results | more
}

Answer 8

使用 Get-Chiltree 并没有那么慢：

(Get-ChildItem -Path $path -Recurse | Measure-Object -Property Length -Sum).Sum / 1GB