代码高尔夫 - 十六进制到（原始）二进制转换

发布于 2024-07-18 22:15:46 字数 1173 浏览 10 评论 0原文

为了回应这个问题询问十六进制到（原始）二进制转换，评论建议它可以用“5-10 行 C 语言或任何其他语言”来解决。

我确信对于（某些）脚本语言来说这是可以实现的，并且想看看如何实现。我们能证明这个评论对于 C 来说也是正确的吗？

注意：这并不意味着十六进制到 ASCII 二进制 - 具体来说，输出应该是与输入 ASCII 十六进制相对应的原始八位字节流。此外，输入解析器应该跳过/忽略空格。

编辑（作者：Brian Campbell）为了保持一致性，我可以提出以下规则吗？如果您认为这些内容没有帮助，请随意编辑或删除它们，但我认为由于已经对某些情况应如何工作进行了一些讨论，因此进行一些澄清会有所帮助。

程序必须从标准输入读取并写入标准输出（我们也可以允许读取和写入命令行上传入的文件，但我无法想象在任何语言中这都会比标准输入和标准输出更短）
程序必须使用仅包含在您的基本标准语言发行版中的软件包。对于 C/C++，这意味着它们各自的标准库，而不是 POSIX。
该程序必须在没有任何特殊选项传递给编译器或解释器的情况下编译或运行（因此，“gcc myprog.c”或“python myprog.py”或“ruby myprog.rb”都可以，而“ruby -rscanf myprog.rb”） ' 是不允许的；要求/导入模块会计入您的字符数）。
程序应读取由相邻的十六进制数字对（大写、小写或混合大小写）表示的整数字节，可以选择用空格分隔，并将相应的字节写入输出。每对十六进制数字首先写入最高有效的半字节。
程序在无效输入时的行为（除 [a-fA-F \t\r\n] 之外的字符、分隔单个字节中两个字符的空格、奇数个十六进制数字）输入）未定义；对错误输入的任何行为（除了主动损坏用户的计算机或其他东西）都是可以接受的（抛出错误、停止输出、忽略错误字符、将单个字符视为一个字节的值，都可以）
。要输出的附加字节。
代码按源文件中最少的总字节数进行评分。（或者，如果我们想要更真实地对待最初的挑战，分数将基于最低的代码行数；在这种情况下，我会每行施加 80 个字符的限制，否则你会得到一堆1 条线的联系）。

In response to this question asking about hex to (raw) binary conversion, a comment suggested that it could be solved in "5-10 lines of C, or any other language."

I'm sure that for (some) scripting languages that could be achieved, and would like to see how. Can we prove that comment true, for C, too?

NB: this doesn't mean hex to ASCII binary - specifically the output should be a raw octet stream corresponding to the input ASCII hex. Also, the input parser should skip/ignore white space.

edit (by Brian Campbell) May I propose the following rules, for consistency? Feel free to edit or delete these if you don't think these are helpful, but I think that since there has been some discussion of how certain cases should work, some clarification would be helpful.

The program must read from stdin and write to stdout (we could also allow reading from and writing to files passed in on the command line, but I can't imagine that would be shorter in any language than stdin and stdout)
The program must use only packages included with your base, standard language distribution. In the case of C/C++, this means their respective standard libraries, and not POSIX.
The program must compile or run without any special options passed to the compiler or interpreter (so, 'gcc myprog.c' or 'python myprog.py' or 'ruby myprog.rb' are OK, while 'ruby -rscanf myprog.rb' is not allowed; requiring/importing modules counts against your character count).
The program should read integer bytes represented by pairs of adjacent hexadecimal digits (upper, lower, or mixed case), optionally separated by whitespace, and write the corresponding bytes to output. Each pair of hexadecimal digits is written with most significant nibble first.
The behavior of the program on invalid input (characters besides [a-fA-F \t\r\n], spaces separating the two characters in an individual byte, an odd number of hex digits in the input) is undefined; any behavior (other than actively damaging the user's computer or something) on bad input is acceptable (throwing an error, stopping output, ignoring bad characters, treating a single character as the value of one byte, are all OK)
The program may write no additional bytes to output.
Code is scored by fewest total bytes in the source file. (Or, if we wanted to be more true to the original challenge, the score would be based on lowest number of lines of code; I would impose an 80 character limit per line in that case, since otherwise you'd get a bunch of ties for 1 line).

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江城子 2024-07-25 22:15:46

编辑 Checkers 将我的 C 解决方案简化为 46 字节，然后由于 BillyONeal 的提示以及我的错误修复而减少到 44 字节（不再有错误输入的无限循环，现在它只是终止循环）。请感谢 Checkers 将其从 77 字节减少到 46 字节：

main(i){while(scanf("%2x",&i)>0)putchar(i);}

我有一个比上一个更好的 Ruby 解决方案，在 42 38 字节中（感谢 Joshua Swank正则表达式建议）：

STDIN.read.scan(/\S\S/){|x|putc x.hex}

原始解决方案

C，77 个字节或两行代码（如果您可以将 #include 放在同一行，则为 1）。请注意，这会在错误输入时出现无限循环；在 Checkers 和 BillyONeal 的帮助下，44 字节解决方案修复了该错误，并在错误输入时停止。

#include <stdio.h>
int main(){char c;while(scanf("%2x",&c)!=EOF)putchar(c);}

如果你正常格式化它甚至只有 6 行：

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
  char c;
  while (scanf("%2x",&c) != EOF)
    putchar(c);
}

Ruby, 79 bytes (我相信这可以改进):

STDOUT.write STDIN.read.scan(/[^\s]\s*[^\s]\s*/).map{|x|x.to_i(16)}.pack("c*")

这些都从 STDIN 获取输入并写入 STDOUT

edit Checkers has reduced my C solution to 46 bytes, which was then reduced to 44 bytes thanks to a tip from BillyONeal plus a bugfix on my part (no more infinite loop on bad input, now it just terminates the loop). Please give credit to Checkers for reducing this from 77 to 46 bytes:

main(i){while(scanf("%2x",&i)>0)putchar(i);}

And I have a much better Ruby solution than my last, in 42 38 bytes (thanks to Joshua Swank for the regexp suggestion):

STDIN.read.scan(/\S\S/){|x|putc x.hex}

original solutions

C, in 77 bytes, or two lines of code (would be 1 if you could put the #include on the same line). Note that this has an infinite loop on bad input; the 44 byte solution with the help of Checkers and BillyONeal fixes the bug, and simply stops on bad input.

#include <stdio.h>
int main(){char c;while(scanf("%2x",&c)!=EOF)putchar(c);}

It's even just 6 lines if you format it normally:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
  char c;
  while (scanf("%2x",&c) != EOF)
    putchar(c);
}

Ruby, 79 bytes (I'm sure this can be improved):

STDOUT.write STDIN.read.scan(/[^\s]\s*[^\s]\s*/).map{|x|x.to_i(16)}.pack("c*")

These both take input from STDIN and write to STDOUT

代码高尔夫 - 十六进制到（原始）二进制转换

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Perl中只有一行（相当短）：

Perl

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