LAN/流量拥塞是什么意思？
在谈论 UDP 时，我看到/听到拥塞出现了几次。 这意味着什么？
While talking about UDP I saw/heard congestion come up a few times. What does that mean?
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拥塞是指当您尝试在有限的带宽上发送太多数据时，它无法以比传入数据更快的速度发送数据，因此会丢弃额外的数据包。
当发生拥塞时，您可以看到以下影响：
由于连接一端的队列太大而导致延迟，因此传输数据包需要时间。
简单地丢弃新数据包时发生数据包丢失，强制连接重置（通常会导致更多拥塞）。
简单地丢弃新数据包时会发生数据
服务质量较低，TCP 等协议会降低传输速率，因此您的吞吐量会降低。
服务质量较低，TCP 等
阻塞，某些网络具有协议优先级，因此您的 UDP 数据包可能会被丢弃，以允许 TCP 流量通过。
阻塞，某些网络具有协议优先
这就像一场交通堵塞，想象一下一场体育比赛结束后，停满汽车的停车场试图空出一条小巷。
congestion is when you are trying to send too much data over a limited bandwidth, it cannot send the data faster than the incoming amount so additional packets are dropped.
When congestion occurs, you can see these effects:
Delay due to the queue at one end of the connection being too big, so it takes time for your packet to be transmitted.
Packet loss when new packets are simply dropped, forcing connection resets (and often causing more congestion).
Lower quality of service, protocols like TCP will do a cutback on the transmission rate, so your throughput will be lowered.
Blocking, certain networks have protocol priorities, so your UDP packets may be dropped in favor of allowing TCP traffic through.
Its like a traffic jam, imagine right after a sports game where a parking lot full of cars is trying to empty out into a small side street.
这意味着网络连接设备正在尝试通过网络发送超出其处理能力的数据，例如通过 10 Mbps 链路发送 20 Mbps 的数据。
在 UDP 上下文中，它是一般情况下丢失数据报的主要来源。
It means that network-connected devices are attempting to send more data across the network than it can handle, e.g. 20 Mbps of data across a 10 Mbps link.
In context of UDP, it's your main source of lost datagrams under ordinary circumstances.
大多数 LAN 使用某种冲突检测/避免系统。 拥塞通常意味着在介质上传输的数据量导致足够的冲突，从而降低了为该介质定义的服务质量。
您可能想在维基百科上阅读 CSMA/CD。
由于 UDP 数据包经常可以广播，因此更容易发生拥塞。
亲切的问候，
Most LANs use some sort of a collission detection/avoidance system. A congestion typically means that the amount of data which is being transmiited on the medium is causing enough collissions to deteriorate the quality of service defined for that medium.
You may want to read up CSMA/CD at wikipedia.
As UDP packets can often be broadcasted, congestion can occur more often.
Kind regards,
例如，以太网是一种宽带协议。 一旦发送消息，每个节点都会收到该消息，但如果数据包未发送给它们，则会忽略该消息。 当两个节点同时发送数据包时会发生什么？ 它将导致冲突和数据丢失。
因此，两个节点都必须重新发送消息。 为了避免更多冲突，节点被设计为等待随机的毫秒数。 否则，它们会继续同时发送消息，并且包将永远发生冲突。
For instance, Ethernet is a broadband protocol. Once a message is sent, every node receives it but ignores if the packet are not sent to them. What happens when two nodes send a packet at the same time? It will cause a collision and data loss.
So, both of the nodes will have to resend the message. To avoid more collisions, nodes are designed to wait a random number of milliseconds. Otherwise they keep going on sending messages simultaneously and packages will collide forever.