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在新的浏览器进程中打开 URL

发布于 2024-07-16 19:04:00 字数 634 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我需要在新的浏览器进程中打开 URL。 当浏览器进程退出时我需要收到通知。 我当前使用的代码如下：

        Process browser = new Process();
        browser.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
        browser.StartInfo.Arguments = url;
        browser.StartInfo.FileName = "iexplore";

        browser.Exited += new EventHandler(browser_Exited);

        browser.Start();

显然，这不会发生，因为“FileName”固定为 iexplore，而不是用户的默认 Web 浏览器。 如何知道用户的默认网络浏览器是什么？

我正在 Vista->forward 上运行。 如果可能的话，XP 会很高兴支持。

更多背景信息：我创建了一个非常小的独立 Web 服务器，它为本地磁盘上的一些文件提供服务。 在启动服务器结束时，我想启动浏览器。 一旦用户完成并关闭浏览器，我想退出网络服务器。 除了仅使用 IE 之外，上面的代码可以完美运行。

提前致谢！

原文

I need to open a URL in a new browser process. I need to be notified when that browser process quits. The code I'm currently using is the following:

        Process browser = new Process();
        browser.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
        browser.StartInfo.Arguments = url;
        browser.StartInfo.FileName = "iexplore";

        browser.Exited += new EventHandler(browser_Exited);

        browser.Start();

Clearly, this won't due because the "FileName" is fixed to iexplore, not the user's default web browser. How do I figure out what the user's default web browser is?

I'm running on Vista->forward. Though XP would be nice to support if possible.

A bit more context: I've created a very small stand-alone web server that serves some files off a local disk. At the end of starting up the server I want to start the browser. Once the user is done and closes the browser I'd like to quit the web server. The above code works perfectly, other than using only IE.

Thanks in advance!

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逐鹿 2024-07-23 19:04:00

好的。 我现在可以使用 C# 代码来执行我想要的操作。 这将返回您应该运行以加载当前默认浏览器的“命令行”：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace testDefaultBrowser
{
    public enum ASSOCIATIONLEVEL
    {
        AL_MACHINE,
        AL_EFFECTIVE,
        AL_USER,
    };

    public enum ASSOCIATIONTYPE
    {
        AT_FILEEXTENSION,
        AT_URLPROTOCOL,
        AT_STARTMENUCLIENT,
        AT_MIMETYPE,
    };

    [Guid("4e530b0a-e611-4c77-a3ac-9031d022281b"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    public interface IApplicationAssociationRegistration
    {
        void QueryCurrentDefault([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszQuery,
        [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] ASSOCIATIONTYPE atQueryType,
        [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] ASSOCIATIONLEVEL alQueryLevel,
        [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string ppszAssociation);

        void QueryAppIsDefault(
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszQuery,
            [In] ASSOCIATIONTYPE atQueryType,
            [In] ASSOCIATIONLEVEL alQueryLevel,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszAppRegistryName,
            [Out] out bool pfDefault);

        void QueryAppIsDefaultAll(
            [In] ASSOCIATIONLEVEL alQueryLevel,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszAppRegistryName,
            [Out] out bool pfDefault);

        void SetAppAsDefault(
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszAppRegistryName,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszSet,
            [In] ASSOCIATIONTYPE atSetType);

        void SetAppAsDefaultAll(
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszAppRegistryName);

        void ClearUserAssociations();
    }

    [ComImport, Guid("591209c7-767b-42b2-9fba-44ee4615f2c7")]//
    class ApplicationAssociationRegistration
    {
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            IApplicationAssociationRegistration reg = 
                (IApplicationAssociationRegistration) new ApplicationAssociationRegistration();

            string progID;
            reg.QueryCurrentDefault(".txt",
                ASSOCIATIONTYPE.AT_FILEEXTENSION,
                ASSOCIATIONLEVEL.AL_EFFECTIVE,
                out progID);
            Console.WriteLine(progID);

            reg.QueryCurrentDefault("http",
                ASSOCIATIONTYPE.AT_URLPROTOCOL,
                ASSOCIATIONLEVEL.AL_EFFECTIVE,
                out progID);
            Console.WriteLine(progID);
        }
    }
}

唷！ 感谢大家帮助我找到正确的答案！

Ok. I now have working C# code to do what I want. This will return the "command line" you should run to load the current default browser:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace testDefaultBrowser
{
    public enum ASSOCIATIONLEVEL
    {
        AL_MACHINE,
        AL_EFFECTIVE,
        AL_USER,
    };

    public enum ASSOCIATIONTYPE
    {
        AT_FILEEXTENSION,
        AT_URLPROTOCOL,
        AT_STARTMENUCLIENT,
        AT_MIMETYPE,
    };

    [Guid("4e530b0a-e611-4c77-a3ac-9031d022281b"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    public interface IApplicationAssociationRegistration
    {
        void QueryCurrentDefault([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszQuery,
        [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] ASSOCIATIONTYPE atQueryType,
        [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] ASSOCIATIONLEVEL alQueryLevel,
        [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string ppszAssociation);

        void QueryAppIsDefault(
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszQuery,
            [In] ASSOCIATIONTYPE atQueryType,
            [In] ASSOCIATIONLEVEL alQueryLevel,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszAppRegistryName,
            [Out] out bool pfDefault);

        void QueryAppIsDefaultAll(
            [In] ASSOCIATIONLEVEL alQueryLevel,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszAppRegistryName,
            [Out] out bool pfDefault);

        void SetAppAsDefault(
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszAppRegistryName,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszSet,
            [In] ASSOCIATIONTYPE atSetType);

        void SetAppAsDefaultAll(
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszAppRegistryName);

        void ClearUserAssociations();
    }

    [ComImport, Guid("591209c7-767b-42b2-9fba-44ee4615f2c7")]//
    class ApplicationAssociationRegistration
    {
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            IApplicationAssociationRegistration reg = 
                (IApplicationAssociationRegistration) new ApplicationAssociationRegistration();

            string progID;
            reg.QueryCurrentDefault(".txt",
                ASSOCIATIONTYPE.AT_FILEEXTENSION,
                ASSOCIATIONLEVEL.AL_EFFECTIVE,
                out progID);
            Console.WriteLine(progID);

            reg.QueryCurrentDefault("http",
                ASSOCIATIONTYPE.AT_URLPROTOCOL,
                ASSOCIATIONLEVEL.AL_EFFECTIVE,
                out progID);
            Console.WriteLine(progID);
        }
    }
}

Whew! Thanks everyone for help in pushing me towards the right answer!

回复 原文
孤寂小茶 2024-07-23 19:04:00

如果您将已知文件类型的路径传递给（文件）资源管理器应用程序，它将“执行正确的操作”，例如

 Process.Start("explorer.exe", @"\\path.to\filename.pdf");

并在 PDF 阅读器中打开文件。

但是，如果您对 URL 尝试同样的操作，例如

Process.Start("explorer.exe", @"http://www.stackoverflow.com/");

它会启动 IE（这不是我机器上的默认浏览器）。

我知道没有回答这个问题，但我认为这是一个有趣的旁注。

If you pass a path of the known file type to the (file) explorer application, it will 'do the right thing', e.g.

 Process.Start("explorer.exe", @"\\path.to\filename.pdf");

and open the file in the PDF reader.

But if you try the same thing with a URL, e.g.

Process.Start("explorer.exe", @"http://www.stackoverflow.com/");

it fires up IE (which isn't the default browser on my machine).

I know doesn't answer the question, but I thought it was an interesting sidenote.

回复 原文
ㄟ。诗瑗 2024-07-23 19:04:00

这篇博文解释了确定默认浏览器的方法：

http: //ryanfarley.com/blog/archive/2004/05/16/649.aspx

从上面的博客文章：

private string getDefaultBrowser()
{
    string browser = string.Empty;
    RegistryKey key = null;
    try
    {
        key = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@"HTTP\shell\open\command", false);

        //trim off quotes
        browser = key.GetValue(null).ToString().ToLower().Replace("\"", "");
        if (!browser.EndsWith("exe"))
        {
            //get rid of everything after the ".exe"
            browser = browser.Substring(0, browser.LastIndexOf(".exe")+4);
        }
    }
    finally
    {
        if (key != null) key.Close();
    }
    return browser;
}

The way to determine the default browser is explained in this blog post:

http://ryanfarley.com/blog/archive/2004/05/16/649.aspx

From the blog post above:

private string getDefaultBrowser()
{
    string browser = string.Empty;
    RegistryKey key = null;
    try
    {
        key = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@"HTTP\shell\open\command", false);

        //trim off quotes
        browser = key.GetValue(null).ToString().ToLower().Replace("\"", "");
        if (!browser.EndsWith("exe"))
        {
            //get rid of everything after the ".exe"
            browser = browser.Substring(0, browser.LastIndexOf(".exe")+4);
        }
    }
    finally
    {
        if (key != null) key.Close();
    }
    return browser;
}
回复 原文
黑寡妇 2024-07-23 19:04:00

好吧，我想我可能已经找到了它 - IApplicationAssociationRegistration::QueryCurrentDefault [1]。 根据文档，这是 ShellExecute 使用的。 当我让它工作时，我会发布代码，但如果其他人认为这是正确的使用方式，我会很感兴趣（顺便说一句，我是 Vista 或更高的操作系统级别）。

[1]: http://msdn.microsoft.com /en-us/library/bb776336(VS.85).aspx QueryCurrentDefault

Ok, I think I might have found it - IApplicationAssociationRegistration::QueryCurrentDefault [1]. According to the docs this is what is used by ShellExecute. I'll post code when I get it to work, but I'd be interested if others think this is the right thing to use (BTW, I'm Vista or greater for OS level).

[1]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb776336(VS.85).aspx QueryCurrentDefault

回复 原文
紧拥背影 2024-07-23 19:04:00

好的。 离开会议一周了，现在回到这个话题。 我现在可以用 C++ 做到这一点 - 而且它甚至看起来表现得很好！ 然而，我尝试将其转换为 C#（或 .NET）都失败了（发布问题）。

以下是其他偶然发现这个问题的 C++ 代码：

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <shobjidl.h>
#define _ATL_CSTRING_EXPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS      // some CString constructors will be explicit

#include <atlbase.h>
#include <atlstr.h>
#include <AtlDef.h>
#include <AtlConv.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace ATL;

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
        cout << "Failed to init COM instance" << endl;
        cout << hr << endl;
    }

    IApplicationAssociationRegistration *pAAR;
    hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ApplicationAssociationRegistration,
        NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC, __uuidof(IApplicationAssociationRegistration),
        (void**) &pAAR);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        cout << "Failed to create COM object" << endl;
        cout << hr << endl;
        return 0;
    }

    LPWSTR progID;
    //wchar_t *ttype = ".txt";
    hr = pAAR->QueryCurrentDefault (L".txt", AT_FILEEXTENSION, AL_EFFECTIVE, &progID);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
        cout << "Failed to query default for .txt" << endl;
        cout << hr << endl;
    }
    CW2A myprogID (progID);
    cout << "Result is: " << static_cast<const char*>(myprogID) << endl;

    /// Now for http

    hr = pAAR->QueryCurrentDefault (L"http", AT_URLPROTOCOL, AL_EFFECTIVE, &progID);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
        cout << "Failed to query default for http" << endl;
        cout << hr << endl;
    }
    CW2A myprogID1 (progID);
    cout << "Result is: " << static_cast<const char*>(myprogID1) << endl;

    return 0;
}

当我最终让它工作时，我将发布 C# 代码！

Ok. Been away on the conference circuit for a week, now getting back to this. I can do this with C++ now - and it even seems to behave properly! My attempts to translate this into C# (or .NET) have all failed however (Post On Question).

Here is the C++ code for others that stumble on this question:

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <shobjidl.h>
#define _ATL_CSTRING_EXPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS      // some CString constructors will be explicit

#include <atlbase.h>
#include <atlstr.h>
#include <AtlDef.h>
#include <AtlConv.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace ATL;

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
        cout << "Failed to init COM instance" << endl;
        cout << hr << endl;
    }

    IApplicationAssociationRegistration *pAAR;
    hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ApplicationAssociationRegistration,
        NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC, __uuidof(IApplicationAssociationRegistration),
        (void**) &pAAR);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        cout << "Failed to create COM object" << endl;
        cout << hr << endl;
        return 0;
    }

    LPWSTR progID;
    //wchar_t *ttype = ".txt";
    hr = pAAR->QueryCurrentDefault (L".txt", AT_FILEEXTENSION, AL_EFFECTIVE, &progID);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
        cout << "Failed to query default for .txt" << endl;
        cout << hr << endl;
    }
    CW2A myprogID (progID);
    cout << "Result is: " << static_cast<const char*>(myprogID) << endl;

    /// Now for http

    hr = pAAR->QueryCurrentDefault (L"http", AT_URLPROTOCOL, AL_EFFECTIVE, &progID);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
        cout << "Failed to query default for http" << endl;
        cout << hr << endl;
    }
    CW2A myprogID1 (progID);
    cout << "Result is: " << static_cast<const char*>(myprogID1) << endl;

    return 0;
}

I will post the C# code when I finally get it working!

回复 原文
离鸿 2024-07-23 19:04:00

我曾经为一个项目编写过这段代码...它会记住为默认浏览器设置的任何其他参数。 它最初是为了在浏览器中打开 HTML 文档而创建的，原因很简单，我总是将 HTML 的默认程序设置为编辑器而不是浏览器，并且看到某些程序让我烦恼不已在我的文本编辑器中打开其 HTML 自述文件。 显然，它也适用于 URL。

    /// <summary>
    ///     Opens a local file or url in the default web browser.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="path">Path of the local file or url</param>
    public static void openInDefaultBrowser(String pathOrUrl)
    {
        pathOrUrl = "\"" + pathOrUrl.Trim('"') + "\"";
        RegistryKey defBrowserKey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@"http\shell\open\command");
        if (defBrowserKey != null && defBrowserKey.ValueCount > 0 && defBrowserKey.GetValue("") != null)
        {
            String defBrowser = (String)defBrowserKey.GetValue("");
            if (defBrowser.Contains("%1"))
            {
                defBrowser = defBrowser.Replace("%1", pathOrUrl);
            }
            else
            {
                defBrowser += " " + pathOrUrl;
            }
            String defBrowserProcess;
            String defBrowserArgs;
            if (defBrowser[0] == '"')
            {
                defBrowserProcess = defBrowser.Substring(0, defBrowser.Substring(1).IndexOf('"') + 2).Trim();
                defBrowserArgs = defBrowser.Substring(defBrowser.Substring(1).IndexOf('"') + 2).TrimStart();
            }
            else
            {
                defBrowserProcess = defBrowser.Substring(0, defBrowser.IndexOf(" ")).Trim();
                defBrowserArgs = defBrowser.Substring(defBrowser.IndexOf(" ")).Trim();
            }
            if (new FileInfo(defBrowserProcess.Trim('"')).Exists)
                Process.Start(defBrowserProcess, defBrowserArgs);
        }
    }

I've written this code for a project once... it keeps in mind any additional parameters set for the default browser. It was originally created to open HTML documentation in a browser, for the simple reason I always set my default program for HTML to an editor rather than a browser, and it annoys me to no end to see some program open its HTML readme in my text editor. Obviously, it works perfectly for URLs too.

    /// <summary>
    ///     Opens a local file or url in the default web browser.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="path">Path of the local file or url</param>
    public static void openInDefaultBrowser(String pathOrUrl)
    {
        pathOrUrl = "\"" + pathOrUrl.Trim('"') + "\"";
        RegistryKey defBrowserKey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(@"http\shell\open\command");
        if (defBrowserKey != null && defBrowserKey.ValueCount > 0 && defBrowserKey.GetValue("") != null)
        {
            String defBrowser = (String)defBrowserKey.GetValue("");
            if (defBrowser.Contains("%1"))
            {
                defBrowser = defBrowser.Replace("%1", pathOrUrl);
            }
            else
            {
                defBrowser += " " + pathOrUrl;
            }
            String defBrowserProcess;
            String defBrowserArgs;
            if (defBrowser[0] == '"')
            {
                defBrowserProcess = defBrowser.Substring(0, defBrowser.Substring(1).IndexOf('"') + 2).Trim();
                defBrowserArgs = defBrowser.Substring(defBrowser.Substring(1).IndexOf('"') + 2).TrimStart();
            }
            else
            {
                defBrowserProcess = defBrowser.Substring(0, defBrowser.IndexOf(" ")).Trim();
                defBrowserArgs = defBrowser.Substring(defBrowser.IndexOf(" ")).Trim();
            }
            if (new FileInfo(defBrowserProcess.Trim('"')).Exists)
                Process.Start(defBrowserProcess, defBrowserArgs);
        }
    }
回复 原文
╰沐子 2024-07-23 19:04:00

简短的回答，你不能。

如果默认浏览器是 Firefox，并且用户已经运行了 Firefox 实例，则该实例只会在同一 firefox.exe 进程的另一个窗口或选项卡中打开，甚至在他们关闭您的页面后，该进程也不会在关闭每个窗口和选项卡之前不要退出。 在这种情况下，由于临时 firefox.exe 过程会将 URL 编组到当前进程，因此您一启动就会收到进程退出的通知。 （假设这就是 Firefox 的单实例管理的工作原理）。

Short answer, you can't.

If the default browser is, say, Firefox, and the user already has a Firefox instance running, it will just be opened in another window or tab of the same firefox.exe process, and even after they close your page, the process won't exit until they close every window and tab. In this case, you would receive notification of the process exiting as soon as you started it, due to the temporary firefox.exe proc that would marshal the URL to the current process. (Assuming that's how Firefox's single instance management works).

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