当前位置：文江博客话题详情

如何在 python 中验证域的 MX 记录？

发布于 2024-07-14 07:32:09 字数 365 浏览 3 评论 0原文

我有大量电子邮件地址需要验证。最初我用正则表达式解析它们以抛出完全疯狂的那些。我留下了那些看起来合理但仍然可能包含错误的内容。

我想查找哪些地址具有有效域，因此给定 [email protected]我想知道是否可以向 abcxyz.com 发送电子邮件。

我想测试一下它是否对应于有效的 A 或 MX 记录 - 有没有一种简单的方法可以仅使用 Python 标准库来做到这一点？我不想只是为了支持此功能而向我的项目添加额外的依赖项。

原文

分享到QQ

分享到微博

如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

发布评论

需要登录才能够评论，你可以免费注册一个本站的账号。

胡渣熟男 2024-07-21 07:32:09

标准库中没有 DNS 接口，因此您必须自行构建或使用第三方库。

但这不是一个快速变化的概念，因此外部库很稳定并且经过了良好的测试。

我成功地用于与您的问题相同的任务的是 PyDNS。

我的代码的一个非常粗略的草图是这样的：

import DNS, smtplib

DNS.DiscoverNameServers()
mx_hosts = DNS.mxlookup(hostname)

# Just doing the mxlookup might be enough for you,
# but do something like this to test for SMTP server
for mx in mx_hosts:
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
    #.. if this doesn't raise an exception it is a valid MX host...
    try:
        smtp.connect(mx[1])
    except smtplib.SMTPConnectError:
        continue # try the next MX server in list

另一个可能比 PyDNS 更好/更快的库是 dnsmodule 尽管与 PyDNS 2008 年 8 月的最后一次更新相比，它看起来自 2002 年以来就没有任何活动。

编辑：我还想指出，电子邮件地址不能使用正则表达式可以轻松解析。您最好使用标准库 email.utils 模块中的 parseaddr() 函数（请参阅我的回答这个问题）。

There is no DNS interface in the standard library so you will either have to roll your own or use a third party library.

This is not a fast-changing concept though, so the external libraries are stable and well tested.

The one I've used successful for the same task as your question is PyDNS.

A very rough sketch of my code is something like this:

import DNS, smtplib

DNS.DiscoverNameServers()
mx_hosts = DNS.mxlookup(hostname)

# Just doing the mxlookup might be enough for you,
# but do something like this to test for SMTP server
for mx in mx_hosts:
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
    #.. if this doesn't raise an exception it is a valid MX host...
    try:
        smtp.connect(mx[1])
    except smtplib.SMTPConnectError:
        continue # try the next MX server in list

Another library that might be better/faster than PyDNS is dnsmodule although it looks like it hasn't had any activity since 2002, compared to PyDNS last update in August 2008.

Edit: I would also like to point out that email addresses can't be easily parsed with a regexp. You are better off using the parseaddr() function in the standard library email.utils module (see my answer to this question for example).

回复收藏 0 原文

单身狗的梦 2024-07-21 07:32:09

不在标准库中执行此操作的简单方法是使用 validate_email package：

from validate_email import validate_email
is_valid = validate_email('[email protected]', check_mx=True)

为了更快地处理大量电子邮件地址（例如列出电子邮件），您可以隐藏域名，并且仅在域名不存在时才执行 check_mx。例如：

emails = ["[email protected]", "email@bad_domain", "[email protected]", ...]
verified_domains = set()
for email in emails:
    domain = email.split("@")[-1]
    domain_verified = domain in verified_domains
    is_valid = validate_email(email, check_mx=not domain_verified)
    if is_valid:
        verified_domains.add(domain)

The easy way to do this NOT in the standard library is to use the validate_email package:

from validate_email import validate_email
is_valid = validate_email('[email protected]', check_mx=True)

For faster results to process a large number of email addresses (e.g. list emails, you could stash the domains and only do a check_mx if the domain isn't there. Something like:

emails = ["[email protected]", "email@bad_domain", "[email protected]", ...]
verified_domains = set()
for email in emails:
    domain = email.split("@")[-1]
    domain_verified = domain in verified_domains
    is_valid = validate_email(email, check_mx=not domain_verified)
    if is_valid:
        verified_domains.add(domain)

回复收藏 0 原文