使用 www::mechanize 时的 Iconv::IllegalSequence

发布于 2024-07-14 02:55:50 字数 2303 浏览 12 评论 0原文

我正在尝试进行一些网络抓取,但 WWW:Mechanize gem 似乎不喜欢编码并且崩溃。
post 请求导致 302 重定向(机械化遵循,到目前为止一切顺利),并且生成的页面似乎使其崩溃。 我用谷歌搜索了很多,但到目前为止还没有找到如何解决这个问题。 你们有什么想法吗?

代码:

require 'rubygems'
require 'mechanize'

agent = WWW::Mechanize.new

agent.user_agent_alias = 'Mac Safari'
answer = agent.post('https://www.budget.de/de/reservierung/privatkunden/step1/schnellbuchung',
{"Country" => "Deutschland",
"Abholstation" => "Aalen",
"Abgabestation" => "Aalen",
"Abholdatum" => "26.02.2009",
"Abholzeit_stunde" => "13",
"Abholzeit_minute" => "30",
"Abgabedatum" => "28.02.2009",
"Abgabezeit_stunde" => "13",
"Abgabezeit_minute" => "30",
"CountryID" => "DE",
"AbholstationID"=>"AA1",
"AbgabestationID"=>"AA1"
}
)
puts answer.body

错误:

D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/util.rb:29:in `iconv': "\204nderungen vorbe"... (Iconv::IllegalSequence)
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/util.rb:29:in `to_native_charset'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/response_header_handler.rb:29:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain.rb:30:in `pass'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/handler.rb:6:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/response_body_parser.rb:35:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain.rb:30:in `pass'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/handler.rb:6:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/pre_connect_hook.rb:14:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain.rb:25:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize.rb:494:in `fetch_page'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize.rb:545:in `fetch_page'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize.rb:403:in `post_form'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize.rb:322:in `post'
from test.rb:7

I'm trying to do a little bit of webscraping, but the WWW:Mechanize gem doesn't seem to like the encoding and crashes.
The post request results in a 302 redirect (which mechanize follows, so far so good) and the resulting page seems to crash it.
I googled quite a bit, but nothing came up so far how to solve this. Any of you got an idea?

Code:

require 'rubygems'
require 'mechanize'

agent = WWW::Mechanize.new

agent.user_agent_alias = 'Mac Safari'
answer = agent.post('https://www.budget.de/de/reservierung/privatkunden/step1/schnellbuchung',
{"Country" => "Deutschland",
"Abholstation" => "Aalen",
"Abgabestation" => "Aalen",
"Abholdatum" => "26.02.2009",
"Abholzeit_stunde" => "13",
"Abholzeit_minute" => "30",
"Abgabedatum" => "28.02.2009",
"Abgabezeit_stunde" => "13",
"Abgabezeit_minute" => "30",
"CountryID" => "DE",
"AbholstationID"=>"AA1",
"AbgabestationID"=>"AA1"
}
)
puts answer.body

Error:

D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/util.rb:29:in `iconv': "\204nderungen vorbe"... (Iconv::IllegalSequence)
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/util.rb:29:in `to_native_charset'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/response_header_handler.rb:29:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain.rb:30:in `pass'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/handler.rb:6:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/response_body_parser.rb:35:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain.rb:30:in `pass'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/handler.rb:6:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain/pre_connect_hook.rb:14:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize/chain.rb:25:in `handle'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize.rb:494:in `fetch_page'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize.rb:545:in `fetch_page'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize.rb:403:in `post_form'
from D:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mechanize-0.9.1/lib/www/mechanize.rb:322:in `post'
from test.rb:7

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评论(2

入画浅相思 2024-07-21 02:55:50

该页面肯定是 UTF-8,但是 Mechanize 使用 NKF(核心 Ruby 库)来猜测编码,并且由于某种原因它显示为 Shift JIS。 解决该问题的最快方法是覆盖 Mechanize 的编码映射,这样当它尝试使用 Iconv 将正文转换为 UTF-8 时,它也会将源编码作为 UTF-8 传递。 您可以这样做:

WWW::Mechanize::Util::CODE_DIC[:SJIS] = "UTF-8"

将其放在您需要 Mechanize 库的行之后。 您可能希望在找到问题的根本原因并在必要时提交补丁后立即设置回该值,甚至更好。

注意:我解决这个问题的方法是使用回溯调试 Mechanize 库。 to_native_charset 方法调用 detect_charset 这就是问题所在。

That page is most certainly UTF-8, however Mechanize uses NKF (a core Ruby library) to guess the encoding and for some reason it comes up as Shift JIS. The quickest way to work around the problem is to override the encoding mapping for Mechanize, so that when it attempts to convert the body to UTF-8 using Iconv it passes in the source encoding as UTF-8 as well. You can do it like this:

WWW::Mechanize::Util::CODE_DIC[:SJIS] = "UTF-8"

Place that just after the line where you require the Mechanize library. You may want to set the value back immediately after, or even better, find the root cause of the problem and submit a patch if necessary.

Note: The way I solved this was by debugging the Mechanize library by using the backtrace. The to_native_charset method calls detect_charset which is where the problem was.

指尖凝香 2024-07-21 02:55:50

在我的例子中, get 方法返回了 Mechanize::File ,该方法根本不使用编码。
我可以通过使用 Iconv 手动转换来修复它,但这只有在您已经知道编码的情况下才有效。

result = @agent.get uri
# Mechanize::File instead of Mechanize::Page is returned 
# so we have to convert manually
result = Iconv.conv("utf-8", "iso-8859-1", result.body)

In my case a Mechanize::File was returned by the get method which doesn't use encoding at all.
I was able to fix it by manually converting with Iconv, but this only works if you know the encoding already.

result = @agent.get uri
# Mechanize::File instead of Mechanize::Page is returned 
# so we have to convert manually
result = Iconv.conv("utf-8", "iso-8859-1", result.body)
~没有更多了~
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