在 Emacs 中，键盘转义退出不破坏其他窗口的最佳方法是什么？

发布于 2024-07-13 14:24:27 字数 1450 浏览 7 评论 0原文

编辑：我知道有键盘退出（通常绑定到 Cg）；但我更感兴趣的是如何处理 Emacs 附带的编辑功能（就像本例一样）。当我想稍微改变一些内置函数时，我时常会遇到这种情况。

在 emacs 中，当你按 M-ESC ESC（或 ESC 三次）时，你可以摆脱很多情况，例如瞬态标记等。但我习惯性地按退出键（实际上我将其重新映射为单击转义键）超出了我的预期，这最终会杀死我的 Windows 配置，这非常烦人。函数 Keyboard-Escape-quit 在 simple.el 中定义：

(defun keyboard-escape-quit ()
  "Exit the current \"mode\" (in a generalized sense of the word).
This command can exit an interactive command such as `query-replace',
can clear out a prefix argument or a region,
can get out of the minibuffer or other recursive edit,
cancel the use of the current buffer (for special-purpose buffers),
or go back to just one window (by deleting all but the selected window)."
  (interactive)
  (cond ((eq last-command 'mode-exited) nil)
    ((> (minibuffer-depth) 0)
     (abort-recursive-edit))
    (current-prefix-arg
     nil)
    ((and transient-mark-mode mark-active)
     (deactivate-mark))
    ((> (recursion-depth) 0)
     (exit-recursive-edit))
    (buffer-quit-function
     (funcall buffer-quit-function))
    ((not (one-window-p t))
     (delete-other-windows))
    ((string-match "^ \\*" (buffer-name (current-buffer)))
     (bury-buffer))))

我可以看到我不想要这些行：

    ((not (one-window-p t))
     (delete-other-windows))

但是修改此函数的最佳方法是什么？我只能看到两种方法：1）修改 simple.el 2）将此函数复制到我的 .emacs 文件并在那里进行修改。这两种方式都不是很好。理想情况下，我希望看到一些关于默认通知的内容，但我不知道在这种情况下如何做到这一点。

原文

EDIT: I understand there is keyboard-quit (which is normally bound to C-g); but I'm more interested to know about how one deals with editing functions that come with Emacs (like in this case). I run into this kind of situations from time to time when I want to change just a little bit of some build-in functions.

In emacs, when you hit M-ESC ESC (or ESC three times), you can get out of a lots of situations like transient-mark, etc. But I habitually hit the escape key (I actually remap this to a single hit of the escape key) more than I intended, and that ends up killing my windows configuration, which is quite annoying. The function keyboard-escape-quit is defined in simple.el:

(defun keyboard-escape-quit ()
  "Exit the current \"mode\" (in a generalized sense of the word).
This command can exit an interactive command such as `query-replace',
can clear out a prefix argument or a region,
can get out of the minibuffer or other recursive edit,
cancel the use of the current buffer (for special-purpose buffers),
or go back to just one window (by deleting all but the selected window)."
  (interactive)
  (cond ((eq last-command 'mode-exited) nil)
    ((> (minibuffer-depth) 0)
     (abort-recursive-edit))
    (current-prefix-arg
     nil)
    ((and transient-mark-mode mark-active)
     (deactivate-mark))
    ((> (recursion-depth) 0)
     (exit-recursive-edit))
    (buffer-quit-function
     (funcall buffer-quit-function))
    ((not (one-window-p t))
     (delete-other-windows))
    ((string-match "^ \\*" (buffer-name (current-buffer)))
     (bury-buffer))))

And I can see that I don't want the lines:

    ((not (one-window-p t))
     (delete-other-windows))

But what is the best way to modify this function? I can see only two ways: 1) modify simple.el 2) copy this function to my .emacs file and do the modifications there. Both ways are not really good; ideally I would like to see something on the line of defadvice, but I can't see how I can do it in this case.

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无言温柔 2024-07-20 14:24:27

您可以使用 around 建议并重新定义有问题的函数来执行您想要的操作（即 one-window-p 应该始终返回 t）：

(defadvice keyboard-escape-quit (around my-keyboard-escape-quit activate)
  (let (orig-one-window-p)
    (fset 'orig-one-window-p (symbol-function 'one-window-p))
    (fset 'one-window-p (lambda (&optional nomini all-frames) t))
    (unwind-protect
        ad-do-it
      (fset 'one-window-p (symbol-function 'orig-one-window-p)))))

这种行为类似于 (let ...) 但必须更复杂，因为您需要在有限范围内覆盖函数而不是变量。

You could use around advice and redefine the offending function to do what you want (i.e. one-window-p should always return t):

(defadvice keyboard-escape-quit (around my-keyboard-escape-quit activate)
  (let (orig-one-window-p)
    (fset 'orig-one-window-p (symbol-function 'one-window-p))
    (fset 'one-window-p (lambda (&optional nomini all-frames) t))
    (unwind-protect
        ad-do-it
      (fset 'one-window-p (symbol-function 'orig-one-window-p)))))

This kind of acts like a (let ...) but has to be more complicated because you need to override a function for a limited scope instead of a variable.

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苏大泽ㄣ 2024-07-20 14:24:27

我通常发现“键盘退出”（Cg）可以帮助摆脱所有这些情况。

但是，如果您确实想要此函数的变体，我认为复制到 .emacs 文件（并重命名，我通常使用 bp 前缀）并在那里进行编辑可能是最好的选择。

编辑，响应编辑：一般来说，每当我想要 emacs 函数的编辑版本时，我要么自己编写，要么将其复制到我的 .emacs，将其重命名为 bp-whotever，然后进行适当的编辑。

这样做的缺点是我的 .emacs 太大了，而且对于不再使用的古老函数来说可能会非常糟糕......优点是每当我需要编写新的东西时，我都有大量的示例代码可以查看...

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波浪屿的海角声 2024-07-20 14:24:27

这是另一个更简单的建议，它利用了 keyboard-escape-quit 在关闭窗口之前调用 buffer-quit-function 的事实：

(defadvice keyboard-escape-quit
  (around keyboard-escape-quit-dont-close-windows activate)
  (let ((buffer-quit-function (lambda () ())))
    ad-do-it))

适用于 Emacs 25.1。（我最初使用了 @scottfrazer 的建议，但在 25.1 中不太满意。还没有费心调试。）

Here's another, simpler piece of advice that takes advantage of the fact that keyboard-escape-quit calls buffer-quit-function before closing windows:

(defadvice keyboard-escape-quit
  (around keyboard-escape-quit-dont-close-windows activate)
  (let ((buffer-quit-function (lambda () ())))
    ad-do-it))

Works with Emacs 25.1. (I originally used @scottfrazer's advice, but it's unhappy in 25.1. Haven't bothered debugging yet.)

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灵芸 2024-07-20 14:24:27

默认情况下，按一次 Escape 键可充当 Meta 前缀键；也就是说，涉及 Meta 键的键绑定。

按三次 Escape 键将运行键盘退出退出，这类似于键盘退出，但更多的是“按我的意思做”行为。

此代码可能对您的用例有所帮助。您可以在 Emacs 初始化文件中使用它：

;;; esc always quits
(define-key minibuffer-local-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(define-key minibuffer-local-ns-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(define-key minibuffer-local-completion-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(define-key minibuffer-local-isearch-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(global-set-key [escape] 'keyboard-quit)

A single press of the Escape key, by default, acts as a Meta prefix key; that is, a keybinding which involves the Meta key.

Triple-pressing the Escape key will run keyboard-escape-quit, which is like keyboard-quit but with more of a "do what I mean" behaviour.

This code may help with your use case. You can use this in your Emacs init file:

;;; esc always quits
(define-key minibuffer-local-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(define-key minibuffer-local-ns-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(define-key minibuffer-local-completion-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(define-key minibuffer-local-isearch-map [escape] 'minibuffer-keyboard-quit)
(global-set-key [escape] 'keyboard-quit)

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圈圈圆圆圈圈 2024-07-20 14:24:27

我更感兴趣的是如何处理 Emacs 附带的编辑功能（就像本例一样）。当我想稍微改变一些内置函数时，我时常会遇到这种情况。

这正是我创建库 el-patch 的目的。您可以将其放入您的初始化文件中：

(el-patch-defun keyboard-escape-quit ()
  "Exit the current \"mode\" (in a generalized sense of the word).
This command can exit an interactive command such as `query-replace',
can clear out a prefix argument or a region,
can get out of the minibuffer or other recursive edit,
cancel the use of the current buffer (for special-purpose buffers),
or go back to just one window (by deleting all but the selected window)."
  (interactive)
  (cond ((eq last-command 'mode-exited) nil)
    ((> (minibuffer-depth) 0)
     (abort-recursive-edit))
    (current-prefix-arg
     nil)
    ((and transient-mark-mode mark-active)
     (deactivate-mark))
    ((> (recursion-depth) 0)
     (exit-recursive-edit))
    (buffer-quit-function
     (funcall buffer-quit-function))
    (el-patch-remove
      ((not (one-window-p t))
       (delete-other-windows)))
    ((string-match "^ \\*" (buffer-name (current-buffer)))
     (bury-buffer))))

I'm more interested to know about how one deals with editing functions that come with Emacs (like in this case). I run into this kind of situations from time to time when I want to change just a little bit of some build-in functions.

This is exactly the purpose for which I created the library el-patch. You would put this in your init-file:

(el-patch-defun keyboard-escape-quit ()
  "Exit the current \"mode\" (in a generalized sense of the word).
This command can exit an interactive command such as `query-replace',
can clear out a prefix argument or a region,
can get out of the minibuffer or other recursive edit,
cancel the use of the current buffer (for special-purpose buffers),
or go back to just one window (by deleting all but the selected window)."
  (interactive)
  (cond ((eq last-command 'mode-exited) nil)
    ((> (minibuffer-depth) 0)
     (abort-recursive-edit))
    (current-prefix-arg
     nil)
    ((and transient-mark-mode mark-active)
     (deactivate-mark))
    ((> (recursion-depth) 0)
     (exit-recursive-edit))
    (buffer-quit-function
     (funcall buffer-quit-function))
    (el-patch-remove
      ((not (one-window-p t))
       (delete-other-windows)))
    ((string-match "^ \\*" (buffer-name (current-buffer)))
     (bury-buffer))))

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昵称有卵用 2024-07-20 14:24:27

这是使用 cl-lib 而不是 cl 的新方法，该方法现已弃用：

;; Make it so keyboard-escape-quit doesn't delete-other-windows
  (defadvice keyboard-escape-quit
      (around keyboard-escape-quit-dont-delete-other-windows activate)
    (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'delete-other-windows)
               (lambda () nil)))
      ad-do-it))

您需要确保在此之前您已调用：

(require 'cl-lib)

Here's a new way using cl-lib instead of cl which is now deprecated:

;; Make it so keyboard-escape-quit doesn't delete-other-windows
  (defadvice keyboard-escape-quit
      (around keyboard-escape-quit-dont-delete-other-windows activate)
    (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'delete-other-windows)
               (lambda () nil)))
      ad-do-it))

You'll need to make sure prior to it you have called: