遍历目录树的方式有哪几种？

Question

如何用您最喜欢的语言遍历目录树？

要在不同操作系统中遍历目录树，您需要了解什么？ 在不同的文件系统上？

您最喜欢的帮助遍历目录树的库/模块是什么？

Answer 1

在 Python 中：

如果您正在寻找快速、干净且可移植的解决方案，请尝试：

import os
base_dir = '.'

def foo(arg, curr_dir, files):
  print curr_dir
  print files

os.path.walk(base_dir, foo, None)

请注意，您可以修改 foo 来执行其他操作，而不仅仅是打印名称。 此外，如果您有兴趣迁移到 Python 3.0，则必须使用 os.walk()。

Answer 2

在Java中：

递归在这里很有用。 以下是一段已在互联网上流传多年的 Java 代码片段。 不确定谁应该为此功劳。

// Process all files and directories under dir

    public static void visitAllDirsAndFiles(File dir) {

        process(dir);  //do something useful with the file or dir

        if (dir.isDirectory()) {
            String[] children = dir.list();
            for (int i=0; i<children.length; i++) {
                visitAllDirsAndFiles(new File(dir, children[i]));
            }
        }
    }

Answer 3

bash：（

#!/bin/bash

function walk_tree {
      echo "Directory: $1"
      local directory="$1"
      local i
      for i in "$directory"/*; 
      do
      echo "File: $i"
        if [ "$i" = . -o "$i" = .. ]; then 
            continue
        elif [ -d "$i" ]; then  # Process directory and / or walk-down into directory
            # add command here to process all files in directory (i.e. ls -l "$i/"*)
            walk_tree "$i"      # DO NOT COMMENT OUT THIS LINE!!
        else
            continue    # replace continue to process individual file (i.e. echo "$i")
        fi
      done
}

walk_tree $HOME

改编自http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=886272 评论 #4)

Answer 4

在C#中：

Stack<DirectoryInfo> dirs = new Stack<DirectoryInfo>();

dirs.Push(new DirectoryInfo("C:\\"));

while (dirs.Count > 0) {
    DirectoryInfo current = dirs.Pop();

    // Do something with 'current' (if you want)

    Array.ForEach(current.GetFiles(), delegate(FileInfo f)
    {
        // Do something with 'f'
    });

    Array.ForEach(current.GetDirectories(), delegate(DirectoryInfo d)
    {
        dirs.Push(d);
    });
}

Answer 5

嗯，C# 带有一定程度的递归......

public static List<string> CrawlPath(string path, bool IncludeSubFolders)
{
    List<string> fileList = new List<string>();
    try
    {
        Stack<string> filez = new Stack<string>(Directory.GetFiles(path));
        while (filez.Count > 0)
        {
            fileList.Add(filez.Pop());
        }

        if (IncludeSubFolders)
        {
            filez = new Stack<string>(Directory.GetDirectories(path));
            while (filez.Count > 0)
            {
                string curDir = filez.Pop();
                fileList.AddRange(CrawlPath(curDir, IncludeSubFolders));
            }
        }
     }
     catch (System.Exception err)
     {
         Console.WriteLine("Error: " + err.Message);
     }
     return fileList;
  }

Answer 6

C++

#include <utility>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>

#define foreach BOOST_FOREACH
namespace fs = boost::filesystem;

fs::recursive_directory_iterator it(top), eod;
foreach (fs::path const & p, std::make_pair(it, eod)) {
    if (is_directory(p)) {
        ...
    } else if (is_regular_file(p)) {
        ...
    } else if (is_symlink(p)) {
        ...
    }
}

Answer 7

在带有 GNU 工具的 Linux 上

find -print0 | xargs -0 md5sum

或

find -print0 | xargs -0 -iASD echo 'this file "ASD" should be dealt with lile this (ASD)'