Cygwin 和 Python 2.6
python（和编程）新手。 我到底需要 Cygwin 提供什么？ 我在 winxp 上运行 python 2.6。 我可以安全地下载完整的 Cygwin 吗？ 它看起来就像是一大堆东西。
好吧，我不断遇到建议下载各种 cygwin 组件的模块和功能（即管道输出）。 cygwin 是否会更改或修改任何其他操作系统功能或有任何其他副作用？
New to python (and programming). What exactly do I need from Cygwin? I'm running python 2.6 on winxp. Can I safely download the complete Cygwin? It just seems like a huge bundle of stuff.
Well, I keep running into modules and functionality (i.e. piping output) which suggest downloading various cygwin components. Will cygwin change or modify any other os functionality or have any other side effects?
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有些 Python 版本不需要 cygwin。 例如（来自 python.org）：
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另外，还有 .NET 版本称为 Iron Python：
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There are builds of python which don't require cygwin. For instance (from python.org):
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Also, there is the .NET version called Iron Python:
link text
cygwin 实际上是一个 Unix 子内核。 以默认方式安装并不会中断或更改任何现有的 Windows XP 功能。 但是，您必须先启动相当于命令提示符的 cygwin，然后才能使用其功能。
话虽如此，您所讨论的某些功能在 Windows 中是可用的。 管道绝对是。 例如：
netstat -ano | findstr :1433
是我用来确保我的 SQL Server 正在侦听默认端口的命令行。 netstat 的输出通过管道传输到 findstr，因此我只需查看包含 :1433 的任何行。
cygwin is effectively a Unix subkernel. Setup and installed in its default manner it won't interrupt or change any existing Windows XP functionality. However, you'll have to start the cygwin equivalent of the command prompt before you can use its functionality.
With that said, some of the functionality you're talking about is available in Windows. Piping definitely is. For instance:
netstat -ano | findstr :1433
is a command line I use to make sure my SQL Server is listening on the default port. The output of netstat is being piped to findstr so I only have to see any lines containing :1433.
我想说最简单的选择是尝试 Linux 发行版。 我知道你的新 Linux 可能会令人生畏，但是当我看到 Ubuntu 并开始在那里开发时，我的生活发生了改变。 Ubuntu 很臃肿（对于 Linux 来说），但是，它附带了我期望基于 Microsoft 的操作系统预打包的东西。 由创意人士为创意人士编写的无数免费软件真是一个奇迹。 开源社区非常适合参与学习和体验。 我可以保证，在 Linux 上使用任何语言（除了 myabe . . . .NET ？）进行编程都将是一次非常愉快的体验。 一个是 Windows 路径，当然您仍然可以创建可移植到 Windows 的 Python 应用程序，它只需要另外几行替换字符并转义它们。 如果它们是个人应用程序，如果您不打算分发它们，这可能会很麻烦。
我发现 Ubuntu 是一个很好的平衡点，既适合一般可用性，又适合开发。
库存发行：
Python 2.7
珀尔
XTerm
杀死 WMP 和 Winamp 的 MP3 播放器 =+ V.3.0
带 Thunderbird 的电子邮件（很像 Fire Fox 浏览器制造商的 Outlook Express，带有附加组件和扩展）
Empathy（适用于 AIM、ICQ、FACEBOOK、MySpace 等的互联网聊天客户端...它还将您的所有联系人保存在一个列表中，并且对所有帐户的操作就像 AIM 一样）
Gwibber（社交网络应用程序，它将您在 Twitter 和 Facebook 墙上发布的帖子编译成一个漂亮的桌面小部件，还允许您直接从应用程序回复和评论。）
多桌面支持：您可以通过按更改“桌面视图”一个热键。 每个桌面上只有您想要的窗口。 因此，您可以创建工作空间、聊天空间、网页浏览空间并在它们之间快速切换。 您还可以根据需要在工作空间之间快速移动窗口。
全局热键映射器：在您的管理选项中，您有一个操作系统范围的热键映射器。 您只需通过默认界面分配热键即可启动程序和许多其他任务。
Bash、Terminal、Shell、XTerm：这些 CLI（命令行界面）提供的功能比 Windows 中通常提供的功能多得多。 是的，您可以在 Windows 中通过管道输出，但这不是重点。 这些 CLI 允许您创建可以接受用户输入并执行通常必须手动完成的复杂任务的脚本。 BASH 在某种程度上本身就是一种编程语言； 允许函数、变量、if 语句等的分配。令
我感到非常惊讶的是，Ubuntu 不仅能够很好地处理开发人员的需求，而且对于您的祖父母来说也非常用户友好。 它配备了您开箱即用所需的一切（对于普通用户而不是开发人员），并且开发人员只需要几次安装。 请记住，您还在开源软件领域工作。 因此，您将要处理错误，并且您可能会在 Windows 中等待票证解决一段时间。 如果曾经。
另外，Ubuntu 可以从 CD 启动，您只需这样做就可以查看主界面。 您还可以双重启动它，并在屏幕上询问您在开机自检后启动哪个分区/磁盘。 还有一个关于通过拇指驱动器运行它的教程。
Linux 和计算机的速度：与 Windows 7 相比，Linux 极其轻量。 AMD Phenom 955 Black Edition x4 等被认为是 MID 级别的计算机，它将像高级计算机一样运行。 1 GB 内存在 Linux 中比在 Windows 中占用的空间要大得多。
尝试 Linux 发行版的最佳方法如下。 您不必将其安装在系统上。 如果您喜欢它并且希望提高独立运行它的速度和开销，您可以将其与虚拟环境一起沙箱化，也许首先考虑双启动，然后再进行“更改”。
下载您选择的 Linux Dist ISO。 对于新用户来说，Ubuntu、Mint 都是简单的东西。 一些 debian 的东西。 主要是因为使用好的包管理器很容易。 下载 Oracle Virtual Box 。 按照说明操作，创建一个新的虚拟磁盘，然后使用放置在 DVD 驱动器或虚拟 DVD 驱动器中的安装介质启动虚拟磁盘，并像正常操作系统一样安装。
根据我的经验，除非您必须一直使用 Windows，否则没有理由不尝试 Linux 发行版。 请小心，因为像 ArchLinux 或 SlackWare 这样的东西可能会立即吓跑您； Ubuntu、Mint 等发行版都立即内置了 GUI。 Linux 有很多种。 它比 Windows 耦合更松散，例如您可以使用任何您想要的桌面环境。 Linux只是一个内核。 这些发行版是维护发行版的小组认为符合其总体目标和目的的工具集合。 桌面环境、编程工具、包管理器和其他免费许可的软件。
I would say the simplest option is to try a Linux Distro. I know if your new Linux can be intimidating, but when I looked at Ubuntu and started developing there my life was changed. Ubuntu is bloated (for linux) however, it comes with the things that I would expect a Microsoft based OS to come pre-packaged with. The limitless amount of free software written by creative minds for creative minds is a wonder. The open-source community is great to get involved in for learning and experience. I can vouch that programming on Linux in any language (except myabe . . . .NET ?) will be a much pleasurable experience from the go. One is windows paths, sure you can still create portable Python applications that will port to windows, it just requires another couple lines of replacing characters and escaping them. If they are personal apps this can be bothersome if you do not plan to distribute them.
I found Ubuntu to be a nice balance suited towards both general usability, and development.
Stock Distro:
Python 2.7
Perl
XTerm
MP3 Player that kills WMP and Winamp =+ V.3.0
E-Mail w/ Thunderbird ( much like outlook express by the makers of Fire Fox browser with add-on and extensions)
Empathy (Internet Chat Client for AIM, ICQ, FACEBOOK, MySpace, etc . . it also keeps all your contacts on one list and operates just like AIM for all accounts)
Gwibber (social networking app that compiles the posts made on your twitter and your Facebook wall into a nice desktop widget that also allows you to reply and comment right from the app.)
Multiple Desktop Support: You can change your "desktop view" by pressing a hot key. Each desktop only has the windows you want on it. So you can create a work space, a chat space, a web browsing space and alternate between them quickly. You can also move windows around between work spaces quickly as needed.
Global Hot-Key Mapper: In your administration options you have an OS wide hot-key map. You can launch programs, and many other tasks simply by assigning a hot-key through the default interface.
Bash, Terminal, Shell, XTerm: These CLI (command line interfaces) offer much more functionality as you found than can be generally found in windows. Yes you can pipe output in windows but that's not what this is about. These CLIs allow you to create scripts that can take user input and perform complex tasks that usually would have to be done manually. The BASH is somewhat a programming language of itself; allowing for the assignment of functions, variables, if statements, etc.
I was very surprised that not only was Ubuntu well and ready to handle the developer but it was also plenty user friendly for your grand-parents. It comes with everything you need out of the box (for an average user not a developer) and the developer only requires a few installs. You're also working in open-source software remember. So you are going to be dealing with bugs and you may be stuck waiting on a ticket to be resolved in Windows for some time. If ever.
Also, Ubuntu is boot-able from CD and you can check out the main interface just by doing so. You can also dual-boot it with a screen asking you which partition/disk to boot after POST boot. There is also a tutorial on running it off a thumb drive.
Linux and the speed of your computer: Linux compared to say Windows 7 is EXTREMELY lightweight. What is considered to be a MID level computer such as an AMD Phenom 955 Black Edition x4 and it will run like a high level computer. 1 gib of memory goes quite a bit further in Linux than it does in windows.
The best way to try a Linux distro is as follows. You do not have to install it on the system. You can sandbox it with a virtual environment if you like it and want the speed and overhead improvements of running it stand-alone maybe consider the dual-boot at first followed by the "change".
Download the Linux Dist ISO of your choosing. For new users again Ubuntu, Mint, something simple. Something debian. Mostly due to the ease of using a good package manager. Download Oracle Virtual Box . Follow the instructions, create a new virtual disk, then start the virtual disk with install media placed in DVD drive or virtual DVD drive and install like a normal OS.
In my experience unless it is essential that you be using windows all the time, there is no reason not to try a Linux Distro. Just be careful because something like ArchLinux or SlackWare may scare you off right away; where as distros like Ubuntu, Mint, and others have built in GUI right off the bat. Linux comes in many varieties. It is more loosely coupled than windows you for example you can use any desktop environment you want. Linux is just a kernal. The distros are collections of tools the group maintaining the distro thinks will fit their over-all goal and purpose. Desktop Environments, programming tools, package managers, and other freely licensed pieces of software.