从 Microsoft Access 计算字符串的 MD5

Question

如何在 Microsoft Access 中计算字符串客户端的 MD5？

Answer 1

如果您通过 VBA 模块实现 MD5，则有多种选择。

我还没有尝试过这个，但是快速搜索“md5 vba”返回了这个 basMD5.bas 文件。 但它不是常见的开源许可证之一。

来自 Visual Basic 部分中的“MD5 主页（非官方）” ：

• 弗朗西斯科·卡洛斯·皮拉吉贝·德·阿尔梅达
  使用 BAS 包装器创建了一个 DLL
  模块，用于 VB 项目（19K
  下载）和 ActiveX 进程内
  服务器包装原始内容
  DLL（包括 DLL）（1394K
  下载）。 （貌似坏了——
  2005-11-14)
• VB 的 MD5。 本杰明参考
  普里查德。
• 用于 VB 和 VBScript 的 MD5。 参考者
  多米尼克·德奥巴尔德.

Answer 2

来自本维基百科

Public Function Hash_MD5(ByVal sIn As String) As String
    'Set a reference to mscorlib 4.0 64-bit

    Dim oT As Object, oMD5 As Object
    Dim TextToHash() As Byte
    Dim bytes() As Byte

    Set oT = CreateObject("System.Text.UTF8Encoding")
    Set oMD5 = CreateObject("System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider")

    TextToHash = oT.GetBytes_4(sIn)
    bytes = oMD5.ComputeHash_2((TextToHash))

    Hash_MD5 = ConvToHexString(bytes)

    Set oT = Nothing
    Set oMD5 = Nothing
End Function

Private Function ConvToHexString(ByVal vIn As Variant) As Variant
    Dim oD As Object
    Set oD = CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument")

    With oD
        .LoadXML "<root />"
        .DocumentElement.DataType = "bin.Hex"
        .DocumentElement.nodeTypedValue = vIn
    End With
    ConvToHexString = Replace(oD.DocumentElement.text, vbLf, "")

    Set oD = Nothing
End Function

Answer 3

看起来 DW Fenton 几年前在 bytes.com

在这里他找到了解决方案

这是来自 ASP 的相关代码那里列出了示例，这应该非常接近 VBA：

' Derived from the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm,
' as set out in the memo RFC1321.
'
' See the VB6 project that accompanies this sample for full code comments on how
' it works.
'
' ASP VBScript code for generating an MD5 'digest' or 'signature' of a string. The
' MD5 algorithm is one of the industry standard methods for generating digital
' signatures. It is generically known as a digest, digital signature, one-way
' encryption, hash or checksum algorithm. A common use for MD5 is for password
' encryption as it is one-way in nature, that does not mean that your passwords
' are not free from a dictionary attack.
'
' This is 'free' software with the following restrictions:
'
' You may not redistribute this code as a 'sample' or 'demo'. However, you are free
' to use the source code in your own code, but you may not claim that you created
' the sample code. It is expressly forbidden to sell or profit from this source code
' other than by the knowledge gained or the enhanced value added by your own code.
'
' Use of this software is also done so at your own risk. The code is supplied as
' is without warranty or guarantee of any kind.
'
' Should you wish to commission some derivative work based on this code provided
' here, or any consultancy work, please do not hesitate to contact us.
'
' Web Site:  http://www.frez.co.uk
' E-mail:    [email protected]

Private Const BITS_TO_A_BYTE = 8
Private Const BYTES_TO_A_WORD = 4
Private Const BITS_TO_A_WORD = 32

Private m_lOnBits(30)
Private m_l2Power(30)

    m_lOnBits(0) = CLng(1)
    m_lOnBits(1) = CLng(3)
    m_lOnBits(2) = CLng(7)
    m_lOnBits(3) = CLng(15)
    m_lOnBits(4) = CLng(31)
    m_lOnBits(5) = CLng(63)
    m_lOnBits(6) = CLng(127)
    m_lOnBits(7) = CLng(255)
    m_lOnBits(8) = CLng(511)
    m_lOnBits(9) = CLng(1023)
    m_lOnBits(10) = CLng(2047)
    m_lOnBits(11) = CLng(4095)
    m_lOnBits(12) = CLng(8191)
    m_lOnBits(13) = CLng(16383)
    m_lOnBits(14) = CLng(32767)
    m_lOnBits(15) = CLng(65535)
    m_lOnBits(16) = CLng(131071)
    m_lOnBits(17) = CLng(262143)
    m_lOnBits(18) = CLng(524287)
    m_lOnBits(19) = CLng(1048575)
    m_lOnBits(20) = CLng(2097151)
    m_lOnBits(21) = CLng(4194303)
    m_lOnBits(22) = CLng(8388607)
    m_lOnBits(23) = CLng(16777215)
    m_lOnBits(24) = CLng(33554431)
    m_lOnBits(25) = CLng(67108863)
    m_lOnBits(26) = CLng(134217727)
    m_lOnBits(27) = CLng(268435455)
    m_lOnBits(28) = CLng(536870911)
    m_lOnBits(29) = CLng(1073741823)
    m_lOnBits(30) = CLng(2147483647)

    m_l2Power(0) = CLng(1)
    m_l2Power(1) = CLng(2)
    m_l2Power(2) = CLng(4)
    m_l2Power(3) = CLng(8)
    m_l2Power(4) = CLng(16)
    m_l2Power(5) = CLng(32)
    m_l2Power(6) = CLng(64)
    m_l2Power(7) = CLng(128)
    m_l2Power(8) = CLng(256)
    m_l2Power(9) = CLng(512)
    m_l2Power(10) = CLng(1024)
    m_l2Power(11) = CLng(2048)
    m_l2Power(12) = CLng(4096)
    m_l2Power(13) = CLng(8192)
    m_l2Power(14) = CLng(16384)
    m_l2Power(15) = CLng(32768)
    m_l2Power(16) = CLng(65536)
    m_l2Power(17) = CLng(131072)
    m_l2Power(18) = CLng(262144)
    m_l2Power(19) = CLng(524288)
    m_l2Power(20) = CLng(1048576)
    m_l2Power(21) = CLng(2097152)
    m_l2Power(22) = CLng(4194304)
    m_l2Power(23) = CLng(8388608)
    m_l2Power(24) = CLng(16777216)
    m_l2Power(25) = CLng(33554432)
    m_l2Power(26) = CLng(67108864)
    m_l2Power(27) = CLng(134217728)
    m_l2Power(28) = CLng(268435456)
    m_l2Power(29) = CLng(536870912)
    m_l2Power(30) = CLng(1073741824)

Private Function LShift(lValue, iShiftBits)
    If iShiftBits = 0 Then
        LShift = lValue
        Exit Function
    ElseIf iShiftBits = 31 Then
        If lValue And 1 Then
            LShift = &H80000000
        Else
            LShift = 0
        End If
        Exit Function
    ElseIf iShiftBits < 0 Or iShiftBits > 31 Then
        Err.Raise 6
    End If

    If (lValue And m_l2Power(31 - iShiftBits)) Then
        LShift = ((lValue And m_lOnBits(31 - (iShiftBits + 1))) * m_l2Power(iShiftBits)) Or &H80000000
    Else
        LShift = ((lValue And m_lOnBits(31 - iShiftBits)) * m_l2Power(iShiftBits))
    End If
End Function

Private Function RShift(lValue, iShiftBits)
    If iShiftBits = 0 Then
        RShift = lValue
        Exit Function
    ElseIf iShiftBits = 31 Then
        If lValue And &H80000000 Then
            RShift = 1
        Else
            RShift = 0
        End If
        Exit Function
    ElseIf iShiftBits < 0 Or iShiftBits > 31 Then
        Err.Raise 6
    End If

    RShift = (lValue And &H7FFFFFFE) \ m_l2Power(iShiftBits)

    If (lValue And &H80000000) Then
        RShift = (RShift Or (&H40000000 \ m_l2Power(iShiftBits - 1)))
    End If
End Function

Private Function RotateLeft(lValue, iShiftBits)
    RotateLeft = LShift(lValue, iShiftBits) Or RShift(lValue, (32 - iShiftBits))
End Function

Private Function AddUnsigned(lX, lY)
    Dim lX4
    Dim lY4
    Dim lX8
    Dim lY8
    Dim lResult

    lX8 = lX And &H80000000
    lY8 = lY And &H80000000
    lX4 = lX And &H40000000
    lY4 = lY And &H40000000

    lResult = (lX And &H3FFFFFFF) + (lY And &H3FFFFFFF)

    If lX4 And lY4 Then
        lResult = lResult Xor &H80000000 Xor lX8 Xor lY8
    ElseIf lX4 Or lY4 Then
        If lResult And &H40000000 Then
            lResult = lResult Xor &HC0000000 Xor lX8 Xor lY8
        Else
            lResult = lResult Xor &H40000000 Xor lX8 Xor lY8
        End If
    Else
        lResult = lResult Xor lX8 Xor lY8
    End If

    AddUnsigned = lResult
End Function

Private Function F(x, y, z)
    F = (x And y) Or ((Not x) And z)
End Function

Private Function G(x, y, z)
    G = (x And z) Or (y And (Not z))
End Function

Private Function H(x, y, z)
    H = (x Xor y Xor z)
End Function

Private Function I(x, y, z)
    I = (y Xor (x Or (Not z)))
End Function

Private Sub FF(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac)
    a = AddUnsigned(a, AddUnsigned(AddUnsigned(F(b, c, d), x), ac))
    a = RotateLeft(a, s)
    a = AddUnsigned(a, b)
End Sub

Private Sub GG(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac)
    a = AddUnsigned(a, AddUnsigned(AddUnsigned(G(b, c, d), x), ac))
    a = RotateLeft(a, s)
    a = AddUnsigned(a, b)
End Sub

Private Sub HH(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac)
    a = AddUnsigned(a, AddUnsigned(AddUnsigned(H(b, c, d), x), ac))
    a = RotateLeft(a, s)
    a = AddUnsigned(a, b)
End Sub

Private Sub II(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac)
    a = AddUnsigned(a, AddUnsigned(AddUnsigned(I(b, c, d), x), ac))
    a = RotateLeft(a, s)
    a = AddUnsigned(a, b)
End Sub

Private Function ConvertToWordArray(sMessage)
    Dim lMessageLength
    Dim lNumberOfWords
    Dim lWordArray()
    Dim lBytePosition
    Dim lByteCount
    Dim lWordCount

    Const MODULUS_BITS = 512
    Const CONGRUENT_BITS = 448

    lMessageLength = Len(sMessage)

    lNumberOfWords = (((lMessageLength + ((MODULUS_BITS - CONGRUENT_BITS) \ BITS_TO_A_BYTE)) \ (MODULUS_BITS \ BITS_TO_A_BYTE)) + 1) * (MODULUS_BITS \ BITS_TO_A_WORD)
    ReDim lWordArray(lNumberOfWords - 1)

    lBytePosition = 0
    lByteCount = 0
    Do Until lByteCount >= lMessageLength
        lWordCount = lByteCount \ BYTES_TO_A_WORD
        lBytePosition = (lByteCount Mod BYTES_TO_A_WORD) * BITS_TO_A_BYTE
        lWordArray(lWordCount) = lWordArray(lWordCount) Or LShift(Asc(Mid(sMessage, lByteCount + 1, 1)), lBytePosition)
        lByteCount = lByteCount + 1
    Loop

    lWordCount = lByteCount \ BYTES_TO_A_WORD
    lBytePosition = (lByteCount Mod BYTES_TO_A_WORD) * BITS_TO_A_BYTE

    lWordArray(lWordCount) = lWordArray(lWordCount) Or LShift(&H80, lBytePosition)

    lWordArray(lNumberOfWords - 2) = LShift(lMessageLength, 3)
    lWordArray(lNumberOfWords - 1) = RShift(lMessageLength, 29)

    ConvertToWordArray = lWordArray
End Function

Private Function WordToHex(lValue)
    Dim lByte
    Dim lCount

    For lCount = 0 To 3
        lByte = RShift(lValue, lCount * BITS_TO_A_BYTE) And m_lOnBits(BITS_TO_A_BYTE - 1)
        WordToHex = WordToHex & Right("0" & Hex(lByte), 2)
    Next
End Function

Public Function MD5(sMessage)
    Dim x
    Dim k
    Dim AA
    Dim BB
    Dim CC
    Dim DD
    Dim a
    Dim b
    Dim c
    Dim d

    Const S11 = 7
    Const S12 = 12
    Const S13 = 17
    Const S14 = 22
    Const S21 = 5
    Const S22 = 9
    Const S23 = 14
    Const S24 = 20
    Const S31 = 4
    Const S32 = 11
    Const S33 = 16
    Const S34 = 23
    Const S41 = 6
    Const S42 = 10
    Const S43 = 15
    Const S44 = 21

    x = ConvertToWordArray(sMessage)

    a = &H67452301
    b = &HEFCDAB89
    c = &H98BADCFE
    d = &H10325476

    For k = 0 To UBound(x) Step 16
        AA = a
        BB = b
        CC = c
        DD = d

        FF a, b, c, d, x(k + 0), S11, &HD76AA478
        FF d, a, b, c, x(k + 1), S12, &HE8C7B756
        FF c, d, a, b, x(k + 2), S13, &H242070DB
        FF b, c, d, a, x(k + 3), S14, &HC1BDCEEE
        FF a, b, c, d, x(k + 4), S11, &HF57C0FAF
        FF d, a, b, c, x(k + 5), S12, &H4787C62A
        FF c, d, a, b, x(k + 6), S13, &HA8304613
        FF b, c, d, a, x(k + 7), S14, &HFD469501
        FF a, b, c, d, x(k + 8), S11, &H698098D8
        FF d, a, b, c, x(k + 9), S12, &H8B44F7AF
        FF c, d, a, b, x(k + 10), S13, &HFFFF5BB1
        FF b, c, d, a, x(k + 11), S14, &H895CD7BE
        FF a, b, c, d, x(k + 12), S11, &H6B901122
        FF d, a, b, c, x(k + 13), S12, &HFD987193
        FF c, d, a, b, x(k + 14), S13, &HA679438E
        FF b, c, d, a, x(k + 15), S14, &H49B40821

        GG a, b, c, d, x(k + 1), S21, &HF61E2562
        GG d, a, b, c, x(k + 6), S22, &HC040B340
        GG c, d, a, b, x(k + 11), S23, &H265E5A51
        GG b, c, d, a, x(k + 0), S24, &HE9B6C7AA
        GG a, b, c, d, x(k + 5), S21, &HD62F105D
        GG d, a, b, c, x(k + 10), S22, &H2441453
        GG c, d, a, b, x(k + 15), S23, &HD8A1E681
        GG b, c, d, a, x(k + 4), S24, &HE7D3FBC8
        GG a, b, c, d, x(k + 9), S21, &H21E1CDE6
        GG d, a, b, c, x(k + 14), S22, &HC33707D6
        GG c, d, a, b, x(k + 3), S23, &HF4D50D87
        GG b, c, d, a, x(k + 8), S24, &H455A14ED
        GG a, b, c, d, x(k + 13), S21, &HA9E3E905
        GG d, a, b, c, x(k + 2), S22, &HFCEFA3F8
        GG c, d, a, b, x(k + 7), S23, &H676F02D9
        GG b, c, d, a, x(k + 12), S24, &H8D2A4C8A

        HH a, b, c, d, x(k + 5), S31, &HFFFA3942
        HH d, a, b, c, x(k + 8), S32, &H8771F681
        HH c, d, a, b, x(k + 11), S33, &H6D9D6122
        HH b, c, d, a, x(k + 14), S34, &HFDE5380C
        HH a, b, c, d, x(k + 1), S31, &HA4BEEA44
        HH d, a, b, c, x(k + 4), S32, &H4BDECFA9
        HH c, d, a, b, x(k + 7), S33, &HF6BB4B60
        HH b, c, d, a, x(k + 10), S34, &HBEBFBC70
        HH a, b, c, d, x(k + 13), S31, &H289B7EC6
        HH d, a, b, c, x(k + 0), S32, &HEAA127FA
        HH c, d, a, b, x(k + 3), S33, &HD4EF3085
        HH b, c, d, a, x(k + 6), S34, &H4881D05
        HH a, b, c, d, x(k + 9), S31, &HD9D4D039
        HH d, a, b, c, x(k + 12), S32, &HE6DB99E5
        HH c, d, a, b, x(k + 15), S33, &H1FA27CF8
        HH b, c, d, a, x(k + 2), S34, &HC4AC5665

        II a, b, c, d, x(k + 0), S41, &HF4292244
        II d, a, b, c, x(k + 7), S42, &H432AFF97
        II c, d, a, b, x(k + 14), S43, &HAB9423A7
        II b, c, d, a, x(k + 5), S44, &HFC93A039
        II a, b, c, d, x(k + 12), S41, &H655B59C3
        II d, a, b, c, x(k + 3), S42, &H8F0CCC92
        II c, d, a, b, x(k + 10), S43, &HFFEFF47D
        II b, c, d, a, x(k + 1), S44, &H85845DD1
        II a, b, c, d, x(k + 8), S41, &H6FA87E4F
        II d, a, b, c, x(k + 15), S42, &HFE2CE6E0
        II c, d, a, b, x(k + 6), S43, &HA3014314
        II b, c, d, a, x(k + 13), S44, &H4E0811A1
        II a, b, c, d, x(k + 4), S41, &HF7537E82
        II d, a, b, c, x(k + 11), S42, &HBD3AF235
        II c, d, a, b, x(k + 2), S43, &H2AD7D2BB
        II b, c, d, a, x(k + 9), S44, &HEB86D391

        a = AddUnsigned(a, AA)
        b = AddUnsigned(b, BB)
        c = AddUnsigned(c, CC)
        d = AddUnsigned(d, DD)
    Next

    MD5 = LCase(WordToHex(a) & WordToHex(b) & WordToHex(c) & WordToHex(d))
End Function

Answer 4

据我所知，Access 中没有用于计算 MD5 哈希值的内置函数。 您需要一个外部 API（如 casperOne 中提到的），或者您可以在 VBA 中使用自己的 MD5 实现。

谷歌搜索我想出了这个模块，您可以将其添加到您的项目中，但我不能保证任何事情。

Answer 5

您可以安装一个免费软件 COM 组件，例如 这个，然后从 VBA 使用它

Answer 6

您可以使用加密 API：下一代，其参考可在此处找到：

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa376210(VS.85).aspx

通过 VBA 中的 DECLARE 语句使用它可能有点困难（您可以使用必须使用），因此您始终可以使用 COM 互操作来调用 .NET 中的方法，这些方法访问 System.Security.Cryptography 命名空间中的 MD5 类。

Answer 7

这可能会有所帮助。 来自一篇不再存在的文章，所以我无法引用，但我确实进行了测试。

    Public Function StrToHex(X As Variant) As Variant
Dim I As Long, Temp As String
    If IsNull(X) Then Exit Function
    Temp = Space$(Len(X) * 2)
    For I = 1 To Len(X)
        Mid$(Temp, I * 2 - 1, 2) = Right$("0" & Hex$(Asc(Mid$(X, I, 1))), 2)
    Next I
    StrToHex = Temp
End Function