显示非规范化数据的可用性解决方案
我遇到了典型的阻抗不匹配，其中数据以标准化的方式存储：
Client | Year | Value -------------------------- Foo 2007 9000000 Foo 2008 10000000 Bar 2008 20000000 Foo 2009 12000000 Bar 2009 15000000
但是用户以非标准化的方式使用、可视化和理解它：
Client | 2007 Value | 2008 Value | 2009 Value --------------------------------------------- Foo 9000000 10000000 12000000 Bar - 20000000 15000000
这一切都很好，我已经制定了多种解决方案在渲染和持久性之间旋转和逆旋转数据。 然而，在现实世界的情况下，非规范化渲染有几十列，这使得使用和理解变得很困难。
请记住，用户目前以非规范化的方式理解数据，并且我不想弄乱他们的思维导图来尝试改变这一点，有哪些策略可以更好地呈现宽表格数据？ 我知道这不是一个新问题，但我不知道在哪里寻找好的见解。
我并不是在寻找特定于任何一种演示环境的答案。 无论是在网络浏览器还是电子表格中，掌握广泛的数据表示都是一项精神上的困难任务，我正在寻找一般策略或表示转变（或指向资源的指针）来减轻这种困难。
I've got a typical impedance mismatch where the data is stored in a normalized fashion:
Client | Year | Value -------------------------- Foo 2007 9000000 Foo 2008 10000000 Bar 2008 20000000 Foo 2009 12000000 Bar 2009 15000000
But the users consume, visualize and comprehend it in a denormalized fashion:
Client | 2007 Value | 2008 Value | 2009 Value --------------------------------------------- Foo 9000000 10000000 12000000 Bar - 20000000 15000000
Which is all well and good—I've got a variety of solutions in place for pivoting and unpivoting the data between rendering and persistence. However, the in the real-world case the denormalized rendering has dozens of columns, which becomes unwieldy to use and to get ones head around.
Keeping in mind that the users currently grok the data in its denormalized fashion, and that I don't want to mess with their mental map to try to change that, what are some strategies for better presentation of wide tabular data? I know it's not a new problem but I don't know where to look for good insights.
I'm not looking for answers specific to any one presentation environment. Whether in a web browser or a spreadsheet, grasping a wide presentation of data is simply a mentally difficult task and I'm looking for general strategies or presentational shifts—or pointers to resources—to mitigate that difficulty.
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一张照片可以发挥很长的作用。 数据图表可以为人们提供他们通常寻找的内容——模式和异常。 对于非规范化数据表，我建议在显示所有值的每一行上添加一个火花图。 这样，查看列表就可以看到不同值如何变化。
以下是人们在数据中使用内联图表来提供硬数字可视化的一些示例：
http://s.wsj.net/public/resources/images/ P1-AL682_OILFIE_20080521185242.gif
http://mjsbigblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/ 02/billboardupdate020908.png
http://www.economist.com/images/20041009/CUS756.gif
Edward Tufte 在可视化数据方面有一些特殊的指导原则，请查看华尔街股票示例的迷你图 在他的维基百科页面上。
A picture can go a long way. A graph of the data can provide people which what they are usually looking for - patterns and abnormalities. In the case of your denormalized data table, I'd suggest adding a spark chart on each row that shows all the values. That way looking down the list one can see how the different values changed.
Here are some examples of people using inline charts in their data to provide visualizations of hard numbers:
http://s.wsj.net/public/resources/images/P1-AL682_OILFIE_20080521185242.gif
http://mjsbigblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/billboardupdate020908.png
http://www.economist.com/images/20041009/CUS756.gif
Edward Tufte has some exceptional guidelines on visualizing data, check out the sparklines for the Wall Street stocks example on his wikipedia page.