Google 地图如何制作全景图？
Google 地图如何在街景视图中制作全景图？
是的，我知道它是 Flash ，但是他们如何使用正确的纹理映射来倾斜位图？
他们在做什么吗？它在像素级像大多数 Flash 3D 引擎？，或者只是对影片剪辑中的位图应用一些棘手的转换？
How do Google Maps do their panoramas in Street View?
Yeah, I know its Flash, but how do they skew bitmaps with Correct Texture Mapping?
Are they doing it on the pixel-level like most Flash 3D engines?, or just applying some tricky transformation to the Bitmaps in the Movieclips?
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Flash Panorama Player 可以帮助实现类似的结果！
它使用6个等距柱状图像（立方体面）与一些“无缝”缝合在一起神奇的 ActionScript。
另请参阅 flashpanos.com 的这些部分，了解插件，以及带有（可能）文档的教程。
A 全景拍摄快速指南，以便您可以使用 FPP（Flash 全景播放器）查看它们。
Flash Panorama Player can help achieve a similar result!
It uses 6 equirectangular images (cube faces) stitched together seamlessly with some 'magic' ActionScript.
Also see these parts of flashpanos.com for plugins, and tutorials with (possibly) documentation.
A quick guide to shooting panoramas so you can view them with FPP (Flash Panorama Player).
请查看 http://www.panoguide.com/。 他们有操作指南、软件链接等。
基本上，这个过程有两个组件：拼接软件，它从许多单独的图像源创建单个全景照片，然后是全景查看器，当您将 POV 更改为模拟如果您身临其境，您的眼睛会看到什么。
Check out http://www.panoguide.com/. They have howtos, links to software etc.
Basically there are 2 components in the process: the stitching software which creates a single panoramic photo from many separate image sources, then there is the panoramic viewer, which distorts the image as you change your POV to simulate what your eyes would see if you were actually there.
我的公司使用 Papervision3D flash 渲染引擎，并映射全景图像（静态图像或视频）到 3D 球体上。 我们发现，使用沿两个轴都有大约 25 个分区的球形物体比在立方体的六个面上映射相同的图像能提供更好的视觉效果。 您可以在 http://www.panocast.com 上自行检查。
实际上，您当然可以提前扭曲您的图像，以便当它映射到立方体的面上时，它的透视恰到好处，但这需要完全重新渲染您的图像。
通过一些额外的“魔法”，我们还可以根据需要增量加载静态图像，具体取决于用户正在查看的位置以及缩放级别（与谷歌街景不同）。
My company uses the Papervision3D flash render engine, and maps a panoramic image (still image or video) onto a 3D sphere. We found that using a spherical object with about 25 divisions along both the axes gives a much better visual result than mapping the same image on the six faces of a cube. Check it for yourself at http://www.panocast.com.
Actually, you could of course distort your image in advance, so that when it is mapped on the faces of a cube, its perspective is just right, but this requires the complete rerendering of your imagery.
With some additional "magic", we can also load still images incrementally, as needed, depending on where the user is looking and at what zoom level (not unlike Google Street View does).
就谷歌实际所做的事情而言，博克有这个权利。 我不确定确切的细节（即使我发布了，也不确定是否可以发布这些细节），但 Google 将各个 360 度街景场景存储在 等距矩形表示 用于服务。 然后，Flash 播放器使用一系列仿射变换以透视方式显示图像。 仿射变换是近似的，但足以聚合成整体良好的图像。
所提供图像的计算非常复杂，因为必须完成图像处理的许多阶段，以去除面部、考虑光晕等。在实际拼接全景图方面，有许多算法（维基百科文章）。 不过，我想指出一件有趣的事情，作为深思熟虑，在街景的 360 度全景图中，您可以看到图像底部的道路，而汽车上没有摄像头。 现在就是缝合了。
In terms of what Google actually does, Bork had this right. I'm not sure of the exact details (and not sure I could release the details even if I did), but Google stores individual 360 degree streetview scenes in an equirectangular representation for serving. The flash player then uses a series of affine transformations to display the image in perspective. The affine transformations are approximate, but good enough to aggregate to a decent image overall.
The calculation of the served images is very involved, since there are many stages of image processing that have to be done, to remove faces, account for bloom, etc. etc. In terms of actually stitching the panoramas, there are many algorithms for this (wikipedia article). Just one interesting thing I'd like to point out though, as food for thought, in the 360 degree panoramas on street view, you can see the road at the bottom of the image, where there was no camera on the cars. Now that's stitching.
昂贵的相机。
360 度视频
观看允许在各个方向平移的视频真是令人印象深刻……这就是街景，但没有带宽支持完整的视频。
An expensive camera. makes
A 360 degree video
It is pretty impressive to watch a video that allows panning in every direction... which is what street view is without the bandwidth to support the full video.
对于那些想知道 Google VR 摄影师和编辑如何将地面添加到等矩形全景图中的人，请查看名为“视点校正”的功能，如 PTGui 等软件中所示：
ptgui.com/excamples/vptutorial.html
（请注意，这不是该软件由谷歌使用）
如果您在街景视图中仔细观察地面，您会发现拼接似乎被拉伸，有时甚至与当前视点旁边的视点的信息重叠。 （我的意思是，您可以在一个地方看到某些东西，然后突然在下一个地方将相同的特征显示为地面，从而揭示了用于地面缝合的技术）。
For those wondering how the Google VR Photographers and editers add the ground to their Equirectangular panoramas, check out the feature called Viewpoint Correction, as seen in software like PTGui:
ptgui.com/excamples/vptutorial.html
(Note that this is NOT the software used by Google)
If you take a closer look at the ground in street view, you see that the stitching seems streched, and sometimes it even overlaps with information from the viewpoint next to the current one. (With that I mean that you can see something in one place, and suddenly that same feature is shown as the ground in the next place, revealing the technique used for the ground stitching).