Flash、Flex、Adobe Air、Java FX 和 Silverlight 到底是怎么回事？
Flash、Flex、Adobe Air、Java FX 和 Silverlight 到底有什么用？ 为什么我会选择其中之一而不是另一个？ Java Applet 和 ActiveX 控件发生了什么？
哦，AJAX 在哪里适合这一切呢？ 拉斯洛相关吗？
编辑后（回应一些“呃”类型的答案）：这个问题有点开玩笑。 我了解各种 RIA 技术。 然而，我对 StackOverflow 社区对每一个的看法感兴趣 - 特别是为什么你会使用其中一个而不是另一个
What's all this business about Flash, Flex, Adobe Air, Java FX and Silverlight? Why would I choose one over the other? and what happened to Java Applets and ActiveX controls?
Oh, and where does AJAX fit in to all this? and is Laszlo relevant?
Afteredit (in response to some "d'uh" type answers): the question is a bit tongue-in-cheek. I know about the various RIA technologies. I am, however, interested in the StackOverflow community's opinion about each - particularly why you would use one over the other
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这个话题很大，需要很多页才能提供完整的答案，所以这里是“简短”版本...
Adobe Flex/AIR 是迄今为止最成熟的 RIA 平台，它在 FlashPlayer 中运行。 您可以使用 ActionScript（类似于 Javascript）和 MXML（主要用于布局/视图代码的标记）编写应用程序。 如果用户安装了 AIR 运行时，您还可以轻松地将 Flex 应用程序部署到桌面。
Silverlight 是 Microsoft 的产品，虽然仍远远落后于 Flex，但正在迅速取得进展。 SL 运行时是新的，并且正在慢慢获得更大的安装基础。 您可以使用 C#、VB.NET 或 .NET 运行时支持的其他语言。 它可以在 Windows 和 Mac 上运行，但不能在桌面上运行。
JavaFX 是用于在 Java 平台上构建 RIA 的平台、API 和脚本语言。 它是最新的条目，最近刚刚发布了 1.0 版本。 它可以在浏览器或桌面中运行，并且可以利用任何和所有 Java 代码。 考虑到存在多少开源 Java 代码，这可能非常引人注目。
AJAX / DHTML 主要是这些技术的替代方案，尽管由于 FP、SL 和 Java 都具有双向 Javascript API，因此您可以编写使用这两种技术并允许它们互操作的应用程序。
Big topic and it would take pages to provide a full answer so here is the "short" version...
Adobe Flex/AIR is by far the most mature RIA platform out there and it runs in FlashPlayer. You write apps using ActionScript (similar to Javascript) and MXML (markup used primarily for layout/view code). You can also deploy Flex applications easily to the desktop if the user has the AIR runtime installed.
Silverlight is Microsoft's offering which is still quite a bit behind Flex but is rapidly gaining ground. The SL runtime is new and slowly gaining a larger install base. You can use C#, VB.NET or other languages supported by the .NET runtime. It runs on Windows and Mac but doesn't run on the desktop.
JavaFX is a platform, API and scripting language for building RIA on the Java platform. It's the newest entry and just recently had its 1.0 release. It can run in the browser or the desktop and can leverage any and all Java code. Given how much open source Java code exists this can be pretty compelling.
AJAX / DHTML is primarily an alternative to these technologies, although since FP, SL and Java all have two-way Javascript APIs, you can write applications that use both and allow them to interoperate.
Flash/Flex、JavaFX 和 Silverlight 是用于开发富互联网应用程序 (RIA) 的工具。 您可能非常熟悉 Flash 应用程序，它们通常充满动画和其他效果。 JavaFX 和 Silverlight 可让您开发类似的应用程序。 拉斯洛也符合同样的情况。
Silverlight 是 Microsoft 的入门产品，它被设计为在 .NET 堆栈中工作。 JavaFX 是Sun 的新产品，它设计用于与Java 虚拟机配合使用。 为了过度简化 Adobe AIR，它试图让 RIA 内容在桌面上无缝运行（JavaFX 也提供了这一点）。
Applet 并没有消失，它们只是受到了 Web 浏览器中 JVM 糟糕实现的影响。 JavaFX 是小程序的新继承者。
AJAX 非常不同； AJAX 是一种无需插件即可使用浏览器现有功能来提供看似丰富的交互式网页的方法。 它使用 JavaScript 和 XML。 虽然一些 AJAX 应用程序无疑很酷，但开发 Flash 风格的 RIA 并不那么容易或那么自然。
Flash/Flex, JavaFX, and Silverlight are tools for developing rich internet applications (RIA). You're probably very familiar with Flash applications, which are frequently full of animation and other effects. JavaFX and Silverlight let you develop similar applications. Laszlo fits into the same picture.
Silverlight is Microsoft's entry, and it is designed to work in the .NET stack. JavaFX is Sun's new offering, and it is designed to work with the Java Virtual Machine. To oversimplify Adobe AIR, it is an attempt to get RIA content to run seamlessly on the desktop (JavaFX provides this as well).
Applets haven't gone away, they just suffered from a bad implementation of the JVM in web browsers. JavaFX is the new heir to applets.
AJAX is very different; AJAX is a way to use a browser's existing capabilities, without plugins, to provide seemingly rich and interactive webpages. It uses JavaScript and XML. While some AJAX applications are undeniably cool, it is not as easy or as natural to develop Flash-style RIAs.
我对 Flex 和 Air 一无所知，但是 Flash、Java FX 和 Silverlight 都是 Web 技术，本质上它们都在做同样的事情，争夺市场份额，因为这些公司（分别是 Adobe、Sun 和 Microsoft）都不想给对方一个机会。边缘和/或不控制网络上的主要内容交付平台。 简而言之就是这样。 市场用语可能包括“丰富的互联网应用程序”或类似的内容。
除非我没记错的话，ActiveX 是一个巨大的、不断恶化的安全漏洞，即使是 Microsoft 也基本上放弃了它，而 Java 小程序从未像 sun 希望的那样流行起来。 我不太清楚为什么，但我认为它们缺乏吸引人们使用 Flash 的简单性。
Ajax 与这一切无关。 Ajax 只是一种通过将整个页面划分为独立刷新的子部分来防止刷新的方法。 再说一次，我试图尽可能地从非技术角度解释这一切。
编辑：看来我以错误的方式接近这个答案。 获得更多技术性知识； Flash 是其中最成熟的。 Silverlight 和 JavaFX 本质上还是婴儿，虽然 Microsoft 和 Sun 都在努力从其现有基础（.net 和 java）吸引开发人员，但我不知道是否有人能对这两种技术给出任何明确的说法。 需要一段时间才能看到哪些技术取得成功。
I know nothing about flex and air, but Flash, Java FX and Silverlight are all web technologies that essentially do the same thing vying for market share because none of these companies (Adobe, Sun, and Microsoft, respectively) wants to give the other an edge and/or not control the major content delivery platform on the web. That's it in a nutshell. Market speak would probably include something like "rich internet applications" or something like that.
ActiveX was, unless I am mistake, a huge festering security hole, that is largely abandoned even by Microsoft and Java applets never took off in the way sun wanted them to. I am not quite sure why, but I think they lacked the simplicity that attracted people to flash.
Ajax has nothing to do with all this. Ajax is just a way to keep an entire page from refreshing by dividing it up into subsections that refresh independently. Again, this is me trying to explain this all as non-technically as possible.
EDIT: It seems I approached this answer the wrong way. To get alittle more technical; Flash is the most mature of the bunch. Silverlight and JavaFX are essentially babies, and while both Microsoft and Sun are trying to woo developers from their existing base (.net and java), I don't know if anyone can say anything definitive about either technology. It is going to take alittle while to see what technologies take off.
听起来你需要启动谷歌并做一些研究和阅读。 从“富互联网应用程序”或“RIA”开始，或者简单地输入这些条款并享受。
将前三个视为同义词； JavaFX 是 Sun 的产品； Silverlight是微软的入门产品。
小程序或 ActiveX 控件没有“发生任何事情”，它们仍然存在。 它们有点过时并且失宠了。 当茶壶第一次在网络上跳舞时，Applet 就达到了全盛时期。 ActiveX 控件存在一些安全问题。
根据 this，Laszlo 似乎是 Flex 的灵感来源。
Sounds like you need to fire up Google and do a little research and reading. Start with "rich Internet application" or "RIA", or simply enter those terms and enjoy.
Consider the first three to be synonyms; JavaFX is the Sun offering; Silverlight is Microsoft's entry.
Nothing "happened" to applets or ActiveX controls, they're both still with us. They're a bit dated and fallen out of favor. Applets had their heyday when teapots first danced on the Web; ActiveX controls have some security issues.
Laszlo appears to be the inspiration for Flex, according to this.