如何在 Vim 中通过替换来重复命令？
在 Unix 中，^ 允许您用一些文本替换新文本来重复命令。 例如：
csh% grep "stuff" file1 >> Results
grep "stuff" file1
csh% ^file1^file2^
grep "stuff" file2
csh%
有等效的 Vim 吗？ 很多时候我发现自己一遍又一遍地在命令行上编辑小东西。
In Unix the ^ allows you to repeat a command with some text substituted for new text. For example:
csh% grep "stuff" file1 >> Results
grep "stuff" file1
csh% ^file1^file2^
grep "stuff" file2
csh%
Is there a Vim equivalent? There are a lot of times I find myself editing minor things on the command line over and over again.
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特别针对替换：使用
&在正常模式下的当前行上重复上次替换。要对所有行重复，请输入
:%&Specifically for subsitutions: use
&to repeat your last substitution on the current line from normal mode.To repeat for all lines, type
:%&q:进入命令行窗口 (:help cmdwin)。您可以在此窗口中编辑和重复使用之前输入的前样式命令。
q:to enter the command-line window (:help cmdwin).You can edit and reuse previously entered ex-style commands in this window.
一旦您点击
:，您就可以输入几个字符和向上箭头，它会与您输入的内容进行字符匹配。 例如，输入:set，它会爬回您的“集合”。 这也适用于搜索 - 只需键入/和向上箭头。/abc向上箭头会按逆时间顺序为您提供匹配的搜索字符串。Once you hit
:, you can type a couple characters and up-arrow, and it will character-match what you typed. e.g. type:setand it will climb back through your "sets". This also works for search - just type/and up-arrow. And/abcup-arrow will feed you matching search strings counterchronologically.要在具有所有相同标志的所有行上重复前面的替换，您可以使用映射
g&。To repeat the previous substition on all lines with all of the same flags you can use the mapping
g&.有两种方法。
hello将单词更改为“hello”。 将光标移动到另一个单词后，我点击 . 再次执行此操作。There are 2 ways.
helloto change a word to "hello". After moving my cursor to a different word, I hit . to do it again.如果您在正常模式
:s/A/B/g（当前行）或可视模式:'<,> 中进行了替换， 's/A/B/g（当前选择中包含的行）并且您想要重复上次替换，您可以：移动到另一行（正常模式）并只需按
& ;，或者如果您愿意，:-&-:&），影响当前行而不突出显示，或突出显示一个范围（可视模式）并按
:-&-:'<,'>>&）影响行的范围选择。由于我对 Vim 的了解有限，这解决了几个问题。 首先，最后一个视觉替换
:'<,'>s/A/B/g可用作最后一个命令 (:-< UP>) 从正常模式和视觉模式，但总是在正常模式下产生错误。 （它仍然指的是视觉模式中的最后一个选择 - 而不是像我假设的那样指光标处的空选择 - 并且我的示例替换在一次传递中耗尽了每个匹配项。）同时，最后一个正常模式替换以:s 开头，而不是:'<,'>s，因此您需要修改它才能在可视模式下使用。 最后，&可直接从正常模式使用，因此它接受重复和其他选择替代方案，例如接下来两行的2&，正如用户 ruohola 所说，g&表示整个文件。在这两个版本中，按
:然后按&的效果就像按:然后重新输入s/A/B/< /code>，因此您上次所处的模式无关紧要，只有当前光标行或选择决定受影响的行。 （请注意，像g这样的尾随标志也被清除，但在此语法中也出现在下一个，如:&g/: '<,' >&g在我看来，这是一个好坏参半的事情，因为您可以/必须在此处重新指定标志，而独立的&似乎根本不接受标志。 。我一定遗漏了一些东西。）我欢迎建议和指正。 其中大部分来自刚刚的实验，所以我确信还有更多内容，但希望它能有所帮助。
If you have made a substitution in either normal mode
:s/A/B/g(the current line) or visual mode:'<,>'s/A/B/g(lines included in the current selection) and you want to repeat that last substitution, you can:Move to another line (normal mode) and simply press
&, or if you like,:-&-<CR>(looks like:&), to affect the current line without highlighting, orHighlight a range (visual mode) and press
:-&-<CR>(looks like:'<,'>&) to affect the range of lines in the selection.With my limited knowledge of Vim, this solves several problems. For one, the last visual substitution
:'<,'>s/A/B/gis available as the last command (:-<UP>) from both normal and visual mode, but always produces an error from normal mode. (It still refers to the last selection from visual mode - not to the empty selection at the cursor like I assumed - and my example substitution exhausts every match in one pass.) Meanwhile, the last normal mode substitution starts with:s, not:'<,'>s, so you would need to modify it to use in visual mode. Finally,&is available directly from normal mode and so it accepts repetitions and other alternatives to selections, like2&for the next two lines, and as user ruohola said,g&for the entire file.In both versions, pressing
:then&works as if you had pressed:and then retypeds/A/B/, so the mode you were in last time is irrelevant and only the current cursor line or selection determines the line(s) to be affected. (Note that the trailing flags likegare cleared too, but come next in this syntax too, as in:&g/: '<,'>&g. This is a mixed blessing in my opinion, as you can/must re-specify flags here, and standalone&doesn't seem to take flags at all. I must be missing something.)I welcome suggestions and corrections. Most of this comes from experimentation just now so I'm sure there's a lot more to it, but hopefully it helps anyway.
您可以输入
@:重复上一个命令。You can type
@:to repeat the last command.看看这个： http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Using_command-line_history< /a> 进行解释。
Take a look at this: http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Using_command-line_history for explanation.