闪存和辅助功能
作为一名 Web 开发人员，我从事的许多项目都属于政府的范畴，因此受到 508 无障碍法律的约束，有时还受到 W3C 无障碍指南的约束。 在满足这些要求的同时，Flash 可以使用到什么程度？
对于使用 javascript，口头禅是通过提供相同的内容和功能，只是在不同的页面上，或者以较少交互/动态的方式“优雅地降级”。 这允许非 JavaScript 浏览器/用户仍然使用该网站，并允许搜索引擎机器人访问所有内容。 JAWS 和 Orca 等屏幕阅读软件的用户仍然可以充分使用该网站。
对于 Flash，是否有类似的方法可以为非 Flash 用户优雅地回退？ 如果不是，搜索引擎机器人如何访问基于 Flash 的内容？ 另外，屏幕阅读器如何处理基于 Flash 的内容？
As a web developer, a number of the projects I work on fall under government umbrellas and hence are subject to 508 Accessibility laws, and sometimes W3C accessibility guidelines. To what extent can Flash be used while still meeting these requirements?
For using javascript, the mantra is "Degrade gracefully" by providing the same content and function, just on different pages, or in a less interactive/dynamic way. This allows non-javascript browsers/users still use the site, as well as allowing search engine bots to access all of the content. Users of screen reading software, such as JAWS and Orca also are still able to fully use the site.
With flash, is there a similar way to gracefully fall back for non-flash users? If not, how accessible is flash-based content to search engine bots? And also, how do screen readers handle flash-based content?
如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。
绑定邮箱获取回复消息
由于您还没有绑定你的真实邮箱，如果其他用户或者作者回复了您的评论，将不能在第一时间通知您！
发布评论
评论（4）
我有视力障碍，为了方便我使用放大工具和 TTS，但不是必需的。 我可以告诉您，Flash 无法与大多数辅助工具一起使用。 我相信 JAWS（Windows 的市场领导者，但无论如何都不是压倒性的主导者）声称它支持 Flash，但大多数 Flash 开发人员似乎没有投入必要的工作来让 JAWS 理解 Flash 电影的文本内容。 许多视障用户甚至没有安装闪光灯，因为 95% 以上的时间闪光灯对他们来说毫无用处。
另一个考虑因素是，Mac OS X 提供的内置文本转语音功能也无法对大多数 Flash 影片执行任何操作。
IMO“降级”或提供指向您内容的 HTML 版本的链接可能是确保您的网站可访问的唯一实用方法。 如果您是从头开始，如果可能的话，我会强烈考虑 JavaScript / JQuery 而不是 Flash。
I'm visually impaired to the point where I use magnification tools and TTS for convenience but not as a necessity. I can tell you that Flash just doesn't work with the majority of accessibility tools out there. I believe JAWS (the market leader for Windows but not overwhelmingly dominant by any means) says it has Flash support, but most Flash developers don't seem to put in the work necessary to allow JAWS to grok the textual content of the Flash movie. And many visually impaired users just don't even have flash installed because for 95%+ of the time it's simply useless to them.
Another consideration is that the built-in Text-to-speech that Mac OS X provides also can't do anything with most Flash movies.
IMO 'degrading' or offering a link to an HTML version of your content is probably the only practical means of ensuring your site is accessible. If you are starting from scratch I would strongly consider JavaScript / JQuery over Flash if at all possible.
我是 Jaws 的一个完全盲目的用户，简短的回答是这取决于情况。 例如，在 YouTube 上，我可以访问静音和播放/暂停按钮。 然而，诸如滑块之类的东西不起作用。 我认为，如果编码正确，Flash 不会像内容本身那样决定您网站的可访问性。 例如，如果您需要播放视频，是否有足够的旁白以便盲人可以跟随视频？ 如果您要显示图表，是否有该数据的文字描述？ 我同意发帖者的观点，他说如果可能的话，请使用 JavaScript / JQuery，但是对于需要 Flash 的视频之类的事情，您可以使其足够易于访问，以执行诸如静音视频、停止视频等操作。
I'm a totally blind user of Jaws and the short answer is it depends. For example on YouTube I can access the mute and play/pause buttons. Things such as sliders however don’t work. I don’t think Flash will determine how accessible your site is if coded properly nearly as much as the content itself will. For example, if you need to play videos, is there enough narration so that a blind individual can follow the video? If you are displaying charts, is there a textual description of that data? I agree with the poster who said to use JavaScript / JQuery if possible, but for things such as videos that need Flash you can make it accessible enough to do things like mute the video, stop the video, etc.
Flash 可以让视障人士也可以使用，但这需要一些时间和精力。 它不会自动成为禁区。 正如 Alxp 指出的那样，检查不同的浏览器是否以这种方式与 Flash 一起运行仍然很重要。
闪存还有一个额外的问题：它会窃取键盘快捷键。 页面上出现一块闪存后，许多标准浏览器键盘控件将停止运行。 这些快捷键对于有鼠标问题的人以及因其他原因更喜欢键盘的人来说非常重要。
Flash can be made accessible to visually impaired, but it takes some time and effort. It's not automaticly a no-go area. It's still important to check if the different browsers play along with flash in this way, as Alxp notes.
There is one additional problem with flash: it steals the keyboard shortcuts. With a piece of flash on the page, many standard browser keyboard controls stop functioning. These shortcuts are very important to people with mouse-problems, and people who prefer the keyboard for any other reason.
如果您使用 Flash 进行导航等操作，那么我跪求您改用 HTML 和 CSS。 它们的降级更加优雅，不仅适用于使用网站阅读器的用户，还适用于以下用户：
但是，如果您正在创建游戏之类的东西，其中 Flash 至关重要，那么我为听力障碍者提供了一些提示：
植物大战僵尸游戏就是一个例子。 我在关闭声音的情况下玩了几个月（我通常在背景中播放音乐）。 我没有意识到，有些僵尸在出现前几秒钟就通过声音宣布了。 这让游戏对我来说变得更加困难。
If you're using Flash for things like navigation, then I would beg you on bended knee to use HTML and CSS instead. They degrade more gracefully, not just for people using site readers, but also to people who:
However, if you're creating something like a game, where Flash is vital, there are a few tips I have for the hearing impaired:
An example of this would be in the game Plants vs. Zombies. I played it with the sound off for months (I usually had music playing in the background). I didn't realize that some zombies were announced by sounds several seconds before they appeared. This made the game harder for me.