什么是 LTS(长期支持)?
我在维基百科上查了一下,那里只有一行。 有人有更详细的描述吗? Ubuntu 用这个符号发布了他们的操作系统,但我无法找到它的含义/包含的详细描述。 我已经阅读了 Ubuntu 表示法,但需要更一般的描述,而不是 Ubuntu 是如何实现它的。
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在 Linux 世界中,LTS 和类似术语意味着发行版保持稳定。 这意味着:您将不会获得任何主要的功能升级(至少不会以任何方式破坏兼容性),但您将获得安全增强。 其中一个例子是 Red Hat Enterprise Server 或 CentOS,它们只有 PHP 5.1 并且没有升级到 5.2,但所有 5.2 安全升级都被向后移植。
可以这样想:如果您今天正在编写一个自定义软件(例如,一个非常特殊的 Apache 模块)并且该公司保证 5 年支持,这意味着您可以非常确定您的自定义软件在 5 年内仍然可以运行因为所有的接口和结构都将保持不变。
在 Windows 世界中,这并不那么严格,但类似。 Microsoft 支持 Windows NT 4 长达 10 年,直至 2006 年中或年底。那时它早已过时,已被 Windows 2000 和 XP/2003 取代,但因为公司要么还不想迁移,要么拥有定制软件不兼容,微软在此之前提供支持和(安全)升级。
如果您喜欢项目符号列表,长期支持意味着:
In the Linux World, LTS and similar terms mean that the distribution stays stable. That means: You will not get any major functional upgrades (at least none that break compatibility in any way), but you will get security enhancements. One example of this is Red Hat Enterprise Server or CentOS, which only had PHP 5.1 and were not upgraded to 5.2, yet all 5.2 security upgrades were backported.
Think of it like this: If you are writing a custom piece of Software (say, a very special Apache module) today and the company guarantees 5 year support, that means that you can be very sure that your custom software still runs in 5 years because all of the interfaces and structures will remain the same.
In the Windows World, this is not as strict but similar. Microsoft supported Windows NT 4 for 10 Years, up to middle or end of 2006. It was long obsolete by then, having been succeeded by both Windows 2000 and XP/2003, but because companies either did not want to migrate yet or had custom software that is not compatible, Microsoft provided support and (security) upgrades until then.
If you like bulleted lists, long term support means:
来自 Ubuntu Wiki:
From the Ubuntu Wiki:
我不相信“LTS”有任何一般定义,所以任何答案都必须关注 Ubuntu 的“长期支持”的含义
但是,只需添加 xsl 的答案,使用 LTS 版本让您有信心部署将定期修补但不需要升级整个操作系统的服务器。
此外,非 LTS Ubuntu 升级需要按顺序进行,即从 7.10 升级到 8.10,首先需要升级到 8.04
对于 LTS 版本,从一个 LTS 版本到下一个 LTS 版本有明确的升级路径,即从 6.06 可以直接升级到 8.04
I don't believe "LTS" has any general definition, so any answer will have to focus on what Ubuntu mean by "Long Term Support"
But, just to add xsl's answer, using the LTS versions on servers allows you to have some confidence you can deploy servers which are going to be regularly patched but will not need upgrades of the entire OS.
Also, non-LTS Ubuntu upgrades need to be carried out in sequence, i.e. to go from 7.10 to 8.10, you would first need to upgrade to 8.04
With the LTS releases, there is a clear upgrade path from one LTS release to the next, i.e. from 6.06 you can go straight to 8.04