WPF 命令参数绑定问题

发布于 2024-07-08 10:37:29 字数 1907 浏览 8 评论 0原文

我在理解命令参数绑定的工作原理时遇到一些困难。

当我在调用 InitializeComponent 之前创建小部件类的实例时，它似乎工作正常。对 ExecuteCommand 函数中参数（Widget）的修改将“应用”到 _widget。这是我所期望的行为。

如果 _widget 的实例是在 InitializeComponent 之后创建的，我会在 ExecuteCommand 函数中收到 e.Parameter 的空引用异常。

为什么是这样？如何使用 MVP 模式来实现此功能，在创建视图后可以创建绑定对象？

public partial class WidgetView : Window
{
    RoutedCommand _doSomethingCommand = new RoutedCommand();

    Widget _widget;

    public WidgetView()
    {
        _widget = new Widget();
        InitializeComponent();
        this.CommandBindings.Add(new CommandBinding(DoSomethingCommand, ExecuteCommand, CanExecuteCommand));
    }

    public Widget TestWidget
    {
        get { return _widget; }
        set { _widget = value; }
    }

    public RoutedCommand DoSomethingCommand
    {
        get { return _doSomethingCommand; }
    }

    private static void CanExecuteCommand(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.Parameter == null)
            e.CanExecute = true;
        else
        {
            e.CanExecute = ((Widget)e.Parameter).Count < 2;
        }
    }

    private static void ExecuteCommand(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        ((Widget)e.Parameter).DoSomething();
    }
}



<Window x:Class="CommandParameterTest.WidgetView"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="WidgetView" Height="300" Width="300"
    DataContext="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}">
    <StackPanel>
        <Button Name="_Button" Command="{Binding DoSomethingCommand}"
             CommandParameter="{Binding TestWidget}">Do Something</Button>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>


public class Widget
{
    public int Count = 0;
    public void DoSomething()
    {
        Count++;
    }
}

原文

I'm having some trouble understanding how command parameter binding works.

When I create an instance of the widget class before the call to InitializeComponent it seems to work fine. Modifications to the parameter(Widget) in the ExecuteCommand function will be "applied" to _widget. This is the behavior I expected.

If the instance of _widget is created after InitializeComponent, I get null reference exceptions for e.Parameter in the ExecuteCommand function.

Why is this? How do I make this work with MVP pattern, where the bound object may get created after the view is created?

public partial class WidgetView : Window
{
    RoutedCommand _doSomethingCommand = new RoutedCommand();

    Widget _widget;

    public WidgetView()
    {
        _widget = new Widget();
        InitializeComponent();
        this.CommandBindings.Add(new CommandBinding(DoSomethingCommand, ExecuteCommand, CanExecuteCommand));
    }

    public Widget TestWidget
    {
        get { return _widget; }
        set { _widget = value; }
    }

    public RoutedCommand DoSomethingCommand
    {
        get { return _doSomethingCommand; }
    }

    private static void CanExecuteCommand(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.Parameter == null)
            e.CanExecute = true;
        else
        {
            e.CanExecute = ((Widget)e.Parameter).Count < 2;
        }
    }

    private static void ExecuteCommand(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        ((Widget)e.Parameter).DoSomething();
    }
}



<Window x:Class="CommandParameterTest.WidgetView"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="WidgetView" Height="300" Width="300"
    DataContext="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}">
    <StackPanel>
        <Button Name="_Button" Command="{Binding DoSomethingCommand}"
             CommandParameter="{Binding TestWidget}">Do Something</Button>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>


public class Widget
{
    public int Count = 0;
    public void DoSomething()
    {
        Count++;
    }
}

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蓦然回首 2024-07-15 10:37:29

InitializeCompenent 处理与该文件关联的 xaml。正是在这个时间点，首先处理 CommandParameter 绑定。如果您在 InitializeCompenent 之前初始化字段，那么您的属性将不为 null。如果您在之后创建它，则它为空。

如果您想在 InitializeCompenent 之后创建小部件，那么您将需要使用依赖属性。依赖属性将引发一个通知，导致 CommandParameter 被更新，因此它不会为空。

以下是如何使 TestWidget 成为依赖属性的示例。

public static readonly DependencyProperty TestWidgetProperty =
    DependencyProperty.Register("TestWidget", typeof(Widget), typeof(Window1), new UIPropertyMetadata(null));
public Widget TestWidget
{
    get { return (Widget) GetValue(TestWidgetProperty); }
    set { SetValue(TestWidgetProperty, value); }
}

InitializeCompenent processes the xaml associated with the file. It is at this point in time that the CommandParameter binding is first processed. If you initialize your field before InitializeCompenent then your property will not be null. If you create it after then it is null.

If you want to create the widget after InitializeCompenent then you will need to use a dependency property. The dependency proeprty will raise a notification that will cause the CommandParameter to be updated and thus it will not be null.

Here is a sample of how to make TestWidget a dependency property.

public static readonly DependencyProperty TestWidgetProperty =
    DependencyProperty.Register("TestWidget", typeof(Widget), typeof(Window1), new UIPropertyMetadata(null));
public Widget TestWidget
{
    get { return (Widget) GetValue(TestWidgetProperty); }
    set { SetValue(TestWidgetProperty, value); }
}

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