使用 JavaScript 将字符串转换为标题大小写
有没有一种简单的方法将字符串转换为标题大小写? 例如,john smith
变为 John Smith
。 我并不是在寻找像 John Resig 的解决方案 这样的复杂内容,只是(希望如此) )某种单线或两线。
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如果您可以在代码中使用第三方库,那么 lodash 为我们提供了一个辅助函数。
https://lodash.com/docs/4.17.3#startCase
If you can use third party libraries in your code then lodash has a helper function for us.
https://lodash.com/docs/4.17.3#startCase
ES 6
其他
ES 6
else
似乎有效...
使用上述内容进行测试,“快棕色的狐狸?/jumps/ ^over^ the ¡lazy!dog...”和“C:/program files/somevendor/他们的第二个应用程序/a file1.txt”。
如果您想要 2Nd 而不是 2nd,可以更改为
/([az])(\w*)/g
。第一种形式可以简化为:
Seems to work...
Tested with the above, "the quick-brown, fox? /jumps/ ^over^ the ¡lazy! dog..." and "C:/program files/some vendor/their 2nd application/a file1.txt".
If you want 2Nd instead of 2nd, you can change to
/([a-z])(\w*)/g
.The first form can be simplified as:
试试这个最短的方法:
Try this, shortest way:
吉姆·鲍勃 -> 吉姆-鲍勃吉姆
/鲍勃-> 吉姆/鲍勃
jim_bob -> Jim_Bob
不是 -> 不是
école -> 麦当劳学校
-> 麦当劳
jim-bob -> Jim-Bob
jim/bob -> Jim/Bob
jim_bob -> Jim_Bob
isn't -> Isn't
école -> École
McDonalds -> McDonalds
使用
/\S+/g
支持变音符号:但是:“sunshine (yellow)”⇒“Sunshine (yellow)”
Use
/\S+/g
to support diacritics:However: "sunshine (yellow)" ⇒ "Sunshine (yellow)"
试试这个
例子
Try this
Example
这是我的函数,它负责处理重音字符(对于法语很重要!),并且可以打开/关闭对较低异常的处理。 希望有帮助。
Here is my function that is taking care of accented characters (important for french !) and that can switch on/off the handling of lowers exceptions. Hope that helps.
我认为最简单的是使用CSS。
I think the simplest is using css.
这是使用 css(和 javascript,如果要转换的文本为大写)的另一个解决方案:
html
js
css
here's another solution using css (and javascript, if the text you want to transform is in uppercase):
html
js
css
这是一个非常简单的& 简洁的 ES6 函数来执行此操作:
可以很好地包含在
utilities
文件夹中,并按如下方式使用:Here's a really simple & concise ES6 function to do this:
Works well included in a
utilities
folder and used as follows:我已经针对土耳其语测试了这个解决方案,它也适用于特殊字符。
由于我的数据全部大写,因此我在开头添加了“toLocaleLowerCase”。 如果不需要,您可以将其丢弃。
使用区域设置操作对于非英语语言很重要。
I've tested this solution for Turkish and it works with special characters too.
I've added "toLocaleLowerCase" at the begining since I've all caps data. You can discard it if you don't need it.
Using locale operations is important for non-english languages.
使用:
互动示例:
Use:
Interactive example:
如果 CSS 解决方案满足您的需求,您可以应用 text-transform 控件的 CSS 样式:
请注意,这会发生变化:
你好世界
到你好世界
HELLO WORLD
至HELLO WORLD
(无变化)emily-jane o'brien
至Emily-jane O'brien
(不正确)Maria von Trapp
到Maria Von Trapp
(不正确)If a CSS solution meets your needs, you can apply the text-transform CSS style to your controls:
Just be aware that this will transform:
hello world
toHello World
HELLO WORLD
toHELLO WORLD
(no change)emily-jane o'brien
toEmily-jane O'brien
(incorrect)Maria von Trapp
toMaria Von Trapp
(incorrect)一种稍微优雅的方式,改编 Greg Dean 的函数:
这样称呼它:
A slightly more elegant way, adapting Greg Dean's function:
Call it like:
这是我的版本,在我看来,它很容易理解,也很优雅。
Here's my version, IMO it's easy to understand and elegant too.
这是我的函数,它转换为标题大小写,但也将定义的首字母缩写词保留为大写,次要单词保留为小写:
例如:
Here’s my function that converts to title case but also preserves defined acronyms as uppercase and minor words as lowercase:
For example:
您可以立即
toLowerCase
字符串,然后toUpperCase
每个单词的第一个字母。 变成非常简单的 1 行:You could immediately
toLowerCase
the string, and then justtoUpperCase
the first letter of each word. Becomes a very simple 1 liner:与其他答案相比,我更喜欢以下答案。 它仅匹配每个单词的第一个字母并将其大写。 代码更简单,更容易阅读,字节数更少。 它保留现有的大写字母以防止首字母缩略词扭曲。 不过,您始终可以先对字符串调用
toLowerCase()
。您可以将其添加到字符串原型中,这样您就可以
'my string'.toTitle()
,如下所示:示例:
I prefer the following over the other answers. It matches only the first letter of each word and capitalises it. Simpler code, easier to read and less bytes. It preserves existing capital letters to prevent distorting acronyms. However you can always call
toLowerCase()
on your string first.You can add this to your string prototype which will allow you to
'my string'.toTitle()
as follows:Example:
基准
TL;DR
这个基准的获胜者是普通的旧 for 循环:
详细信息
我采用了最流行和最独特的答案,并做出了 与这些的基准。
这是我的 MacBook Pro 上的结果:
为了完整起见,这里是使用的函数:
请注意,我故意没有更改原型,因为我认为这是一个非常糟糕的做法,我认为我们不应该在我们的回答中提倡这种做法。 仅当您是唯一处理该代码库的人时,这才适用于小型代码库。
如果您想向此基准添加任何其他方法,请评论答案的链接!
编辑 2022 Mac M1: 在我的新电脑上,使用更新的 chrome,分拆获胜。 如果您真的关心特定机器上的性能,您应该自己运行基准测试
Benchmark
TL;DR
The winner of this benchmark is the plain old for loop:
Details
I've taken the most popular and distinct answers and made a benchmark with those.
Here's the result on my MacBook pro:
And for completeness, here are the functions used:
Note that i deliberately did not change the prototype since I consider it a really bad practice and I don't think we should promote such practice in our answers. This is only ok for small codebases when you're the only one working on it.
If you want to add any other way to do it to this benchmark, please comment a link to the answer !
EDIT 2022 Mac M1: On my new computer, with more recent chrome, split wins. If you really care about performance on a specific machine you should run the benchmark yourself
惊讶地发现没有人提到剩余参数的使用。 这是一个使用 ES6 Rest 参数的简单单行代码。
Surprised to see no one mentioned the use of rest parameter. Here is a simple one liner that uses ES6 Rest parameters.
不使用正则表达式仅供参考:
Without using regex just for reference:
以防万一您担心这些填充词,您可以随时告诉函数哪些内容不要大写。
希望这可以帮助你。
编辑
如果你想处理前导胶水词,你可以用另一个变量来跟踪这个:
Just in case you are worried about those filler words, you can always just tell the function what not to capitalize.
Hope this helps you out.
edit
If you want to handle leading glue words, you can keep track of this w/ one more variable:
如果您需要语法正确的答案:
此答案考虑了诸如“of”、“from”等介词。
输出将生成您希望在论文中看到的编辑风格标题。
toTitleCase 函数
考虑语法规则的函数 列于此处。
该函数还合并空格并删除特殊字符(根据您的需要修改正则表达式)
确保正确性的单元测试
请注意,我正在从提供的字符串中删除相当多的特殊字符。 您将需要调整正则表达式来满足项目的要求。
If you need a grammatically correct answer:
This answer takes into account prepositions such as "of", "from", ..
The output will generate an editorial style title you would expect to see in a paper.
toTitleCase Function
The function that takes into account grammar rules listed here.
The function also consolidates whitespace and removes special characters (modify regex for your needs)
Unit Tests to Ensure Correctness
Please note that I am removing quite a bit of special characters from the strings provided. You will need to tweak the regex to address the requirements of your project.
如果上述解决方案中使用的正则表达式让您感到困惑,请尝试以下代码:
If regex used in the above solutions is getting you confused, try this code:
我创建了这个函数,它可以处理姓氏(所以它不是标题大小写),例如“McDonald”或“MacDonald”或“O'Toole”或“D'Orazio”。 然而,它不处理带有“van”或“von”的德国或荷兰名字,这些名字通常是小写的......我相信“de”也通常是小写的,例如“Robert de Niro”。 这些问题仍然需要解决。
I made this function which can handle last names (so it's not title case) such as "McDonald" or "MacDonald" or "O'Toole" or "D'Orazio". It doesn't however handle German or Dutch names with "van" or "von" which are often in lower-case... I believe "de" is often lower-case too such as "Robert de Niro". These would still have to be addressed.
这些答案中的大多数似乎忽略了使用单词边界元字符(\b)的可能性。 Greg Dean 使用它的答案的简短版本:
也适用于像 Jim-Bob 这样的连字符名字。
Most of these answers seem to ignore the possibility of using the word boundary metacharacter (\b). A shorter version of Greg Dean's answer utilizing it:
Works for hyphenated names like Jim-Bob too.
首先,通过 string 转换为数组“noreferrer">用空格分割:
然后使用 array.map 创建一个包含大写单词的新数组。
然后用空格加入新数组:
注意:
这当然有一个缺点。 这只会将每个单词的第一个字母大写。 对于单词来说,这意味着它将每个由空格分隔的字符串视为 1 个单词。
假设你有:
str = "I'm a little/small tea pot";
这会产生
与预期相比,
在这种情况下,使用正则表达式和 .replace 就可以了:
使用 ES6:
或没有 ES6:
First, convert your
string
into array by splitting it by spaces:Then use array.map to create a new array containing the capitalized words.
Then join the new array with spaces:
NOTE:
This of course has a drawback. This will only capitalize the first letter of every word. By word, this means that it treats every string separated by spaces as 1 word.
Supposedly you have:
str = "I'm a little/small tea pot";
This will produce
compared to the expected
In that case, using Regex and .replace will do the trick:
with ES6:
or without ES6: