访客模式 + 开闭原理

发布于 2024-07-06 08:30:51 字数 1508 浏览 12 评论 0原文

是否可以实现尊重访客模式 wikipedia.org/wiki/Open/close_principle" rel="noreferrer">开放/封闭原则，但仍然能够添加新的可访问类？

开放/封闭原则指出“软件实体（类、模块、函数等）应该对扩展开放，但对修改关闭”。

struct ConcreteVisitable1;
struct ConcreteVisitable2;

struct AbstractVisitor
{
   virtual void visit(ConcreteVisitable1& concrete1) = 0;
   virtual void visit(ConcreteVisitable2& concrete2) = 0;
};

struct AbstractVisitable
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor& visitor) = 0;
};

struct ConcreteVisitable1 : AbstractVisitable
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor& visitor)
   {
      visitor.visit(*this);
   }
};

struct ConcreteVisitable2 : AbstractVisitable
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor& visitor)
   {
      visitor.visit(*this);
   }
};

您可以实现任意数量的从 AbstractVisitor 派生的类：它是开放扩展的。您无法添加新的可访问类，因为从 AbstractVisitor 派生的类将无法编译：它已关闭以进行修改。

AbstractVisitor 类树遵循开闭原则。 AbstractVisitable 类树不遵循开闭原则，因为它无法扩展。

除了如下扩展 AbstractVisitor 和 AbstractVisitable 之外，还有其他解决方案吗？

struct ConcreteVisitable3;

struct AbstractVisitor2 : AbstractVisitor
{
   virtual void visit(ConcreteVisitable3& concrete3) = 0;
};

struct AbstractVisitable2 : AbstractVisitable
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor2& visitor) = 0;
};

struct ConcreteVisitable3 : AbstractVisitable2
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor2& visitor)
   {
      visitor.visit(*this);
   }
};

原文

Is it possible to implement the Visitor Pattern respecting the Open/Closed Principle, but still be able to add new visitable classes?

The Open/Closed Principle states that "software entities (classes, modules, functions, etc.) should be open for extension, but closed for modification".

struct ConcreteVisitable1;
struct ConcreteVisitable2;

struct AbstractVisitor
{
   virtual void visit(ConcreteVisitable1& concrete1) = 0;
   virtual void visit(ConcreteVisitable2& concrete2) = 0;
};

struct AbstractVisitable
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor& visitor) = 0;
};

struct ConcreteVisitable1 : AbstractVisitable
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor& visitor)
   {
      visitor.visit(*this);
   }
};

struct ConcreteVisitable2 : AbstractVisitable
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor& visitor)
   {
      visitor.visit(*this);
   }
};

You can implement any number of classes which derives from AbstractVisitor: It is open for extension. You cannot add a new visitable class as the classes derived from AbstractVisitor will not compile: It closed for modification.

The AbstractVisitor class tree respects the Open/Closed Principle.
The AbstractVisitable class tree does not respect the Open/Closed Principle, as it cannot be extended.

Is there any other solution than to extend the AbstractVisitor and AbstractVisitable as below?

struct ConcreteVisitable3;

struct AbstractVisitor2 : AbstractVisitor
{
   virtual void visit(ConcreteVisitable3& concrete3) = 0;
};

struct AbstractVisitable2 : AbstractVisitable
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor2& visitor) = 0;
};

struct ConcreteVisitable3 : AbstractVisitable2
{
   virtual void accept(AbstractVisitor2& visitor)
   {
      visitor.visit(*this);
   }
};

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