dockerfile 构建PHP镜像时zlib1g zlib1g-dev死活安装不成功怎么办？

Question

我的dockerfile这是样的（先不管多RUN的问题，咱们先让它能构建成功再来缩减run）：

FROM php:7.3.7-fpm

MAINTAINER ealson <huangwh2013@gmail.com>

# Timezone
RUN /bin/cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime \
    && echo 'Asia/Shanghai' > /etc/timezone


# 官方版本默认安装扩展: 
# Core, ctype, curl
# date, dom
# fileinfo, filter, ftp
# hash
# iconv
# json
# libxml
# mbstring, mysqlnd
# openssl
# pcre, PDO, pdo_sqlite, Phar, posix
# readline, Reflection, session, SimpleXML, sodium, SPL, sqlite3, standard
# tokenizer
# xml, xmlreader, xmlwriter
# zlib

# 更新为国内镜像
RUN mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak \
    && echo 'deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib' > /etc/apt/sources.list \
    && echo 'deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib' >> /etc/apt/sources.list \
    && echo 'deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ stretch/updates main non-free contrib' >> /etc/apt/sources.list \
    && apt-get update

# bcmath, calendar, exif, gettext, sockets, dba, 
# mysqli, pcntl, pdo_mysql, shmop, sysvmsg, sysvsem, sysvshm 扩展
RUN docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) bcmath calendar exif gettext sockets dba mysqli pcntl pdo_mysql shmop sysvmsg sysvsem sysvshm

# GD 扩展
RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends zlib1g zlib1g-dev  libz-dev libfreetype6-dev libjpeg62-turbo-dev libpng-dev \
    && rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/ --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include/ \
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd

# imagick 扩展
RUN export CFLAGS="$PHP_CFLAGS" CPPFLAGS="$PHP_CPPFLAGS" LDFLAGS="$PHP_LDFLAGS" \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libmagickwand-dev \
    && rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && pecl install imagick-3.4.4 \
    && docker-php-ext-enable imagick

# mcrypt 扩展 
RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libmcrypt-dev \
    && rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && pecl install mcrypt-1.0.2 \
    && docker-php-ext-enable mcrypt

# Memcached 扩展 
RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libmemcached-dev \
    && rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && pecl install memcached-3.1.3 \
    && docker-php-ext-enable memcached

# redis 扩展
RUN pecl install redis-5.0.0 && docker-php-ext-enable redis

# opcache 扩展 
#RUN docker-php-ext-configure opcache --enable-opcache && docker-php-ext-install opcache

# xdebug 扩展
#RUN pecl install xdebug-2.7.2 && docker-php-ext-enable xdebug

# swoole 扩展
RUN pecl install swoole-4.4.0 && docker-php-ext-enable swoole

问题出在安GD扩展库时，
报了如下错：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 zlib1g-dev : Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.2.8.dfsg-5) but 1:1.2.11.dfsg-1 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

于是把 zlib1g 加入到安装的原码中，但是还是这样，无论如何 也装不上。如何解决？

Answer 1

我找我公司的运维大佬帮忙了，错误原因就是：基础镜像是比较干净的一个系统，要不你就换一个基础镜像，没有考虑兼容性问题，导致很多依赖都是要指定版本的，所以有些依赖装不上，指定版本就可以了，我把解决方案贴出来，希望能帮到有同样问题的人。

RUN apt-get install --allow-downgrades -y  zlib1g=1:1.2.8.dfsg-5 zlib1g-dev libz-dev libfreetype6-dev libjpeg62-turbo-dev libpng-dev \
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/ --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include/ \
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd

Answer 2

先执行apt update和upgrade试试

Answer 3

鞭尸了，不要替换镜像，用官方自带镜像就可以的