使用docker-compose编排spring-cloud微服务时顺序问题

Question

问题如题，使用spring-cloud构建了几个微服务，用于测试使用docker-compose编排，在测试过程中发现一个问题：

微服务提供者工程使用了配置中心工程提供的变量，使用@Value("${from}")方式注入，两个服务都依赖发现服务(Eureka)，那么当配置中心工程未启动时，微服务提供者是无法正确启动的。启动时${from}变量会提示不存在，从而导致出错。如果是本地启动，可以先启动配置中心工程，是可以规避这个问题的，但在使用docker-compose编排时，要怎样解决依赖问题，或者说是否可以指定某个工程启动完成后再启动其它工程？

docker-compose.yml

version: '2'
services:
  discover1:
    image: zlikun/eureka:1.0.0
    container_name: discover1
    ports:
      - "8761:8761"
    environment:
      - spring.profiles.active=prod
      - eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://discover2:8761/eureka/,http://discover3:8761/eureka/
  discover2:
    image: zlikun/eureka:1.0.0
    container_name: discover2
    ports:
      - "8762:8761"
    environment:
      - spring.profiles.active=prod
      - eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://discover1:8761/eureka/,http://discover3:8761/eureka/
  discover3:
    image: zlikun/eureka:1.0.0
    container_name: discover3
    ports:
      - "8763:8761"
    environment:
      - spring.profiles.active=prod
      - eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://discover1:8761/eureka/,http://discover2:8761/eureka/
  config1:
    image: zlikun/config:1.0.0
    container_name: config1
    ports:
      - "7001:7001"
    environment:
      - spring.profiles.active=prod
      - eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://discover1:8761/eureka/,http://discover2:8761/eureka/,http://discover3:8761/eureka/
  config2:
    image: zlikun/config:1.0.0
    container_name: config2
    ports:
      - "7002:7001"
    environment:
      - spring.profiles.active=prod
      - eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://discover1:8761/eureka/,http://discover2:8761/eureka/,http://discover3:8761/eureka/
  user1:
    image: zlikun/user:1.0.0
    container_name: user1
    ports:
      - "9001:9000"
    environment:
      - spring.profiles.active=prod
      - eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://discover1:8761/eureka/,http://discover2:8761/eureka/,http://discover3:8761/eureka/
  user2:
    image: zlikun/user:1.0.0
    container_name: user2
    ports:
      - "9002:9000"
    environment:
      - spring.profiles.active=prod
      - eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://discover1:8761/eureka/,http://discover2:8761/eureka/,http://discover3:8761/eureka/

测试工程

• https://github.com/zlikun/zli...
• https://github.com/zlikun/zli...
• https://github.com/zlikun/zli...

报错信息

2017-08-16 15:47:28.474  WARN 12932 --- [           main] lientConfigServiceBootstrapConfiguration : Could not locate configserver via discovery

java.lang.IllegalStateException: No instances found of configserver (config)
    at org.springframework.cloud.config.client.ConfigServerInstanceProvider.getConfigServerInstance(ConfigServerInstanceProvider.java:25) ~[spring-cloud-config-client-1.3.2.RELEASE.jar:1.3.2.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.cloud.config.client.DiscoveryClientConfigServiceBootstrapConfiguration.refresh(DiscoveryClientConfigServiceBootstrapConfiguration.java:80) [spring-cloud-config-client-1.3.2.RELEASE.jar:1.3.2.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.cloud.config.client.DiscoveryClientConfigServiceBootstrapConfiguration.startup(DiscoveryClientConfigServiceBootstrapConfiguration.java:66) [spring-cloud-config-client-1.3.2.RELEASE.jar:1.3.2.RELEASE]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
    at org.springframework.context.event.ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter.doInvoke(ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter.java:256) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.event.ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter.processEvent(ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter.java:177) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.event.ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter.onApplicationEvent(ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter.java:140) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:167) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:393) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:399) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:347) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:883) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.finishRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:144) [spring-boot-1.5.6.RELEASE.jar:1.5.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:546) [spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122) [spring-boot-1.5.6.RELEASE.jar:1.5.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:693) [spring-boot-1.5.6.RELEASE.jar:1.5.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:360) [spring-boot-1.5.6.RELEASE.jar:1.5.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303) [spring-boot-1.5.6.RELEASE.jar:1.5.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1118) [spring-boot-1.5.6.RELEASE.jar:1.5.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1107) [spring-boot-1.5.6.RELEASE.jar:1.5.6.RELEASE]
    at com.zlikun.sc.UserApplication.main(UserApplication.java:12) [classes/:na]

2017-08-16 15:47:28.513  INFO 12932 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 9000 (http)
2017-08-16 15:47:28.513  INFO 12932 --- [           main] .s.c.n.e.s.EurekaAutoServiceRegistration : Updating port to 9000
2017-08-16 15:47:28.517  INFO 12932 --- [           main] com.zlikun.sc.UserApplication            : Started UserApplication in 8.029 seconds (JVM running for 8.768)

这里的异常信息是我在本机调试时，把配置中心关闭情况下启动微服务提供者时抛出的异常。我有两个问题：

1. 怎样规避配置依赖的问题(从spring-cloud本身着手)
2. 怎样处理docker-compose编排时的容器启动顺序(关于docker-compose本人是初学，所以还不是很懂)

Answer 1

拆分开docker-compose文件

把基础平台的如配置中心之类的单独出来。 毕竟这些在整个应用周期可能就只启动一次的。