Question

28.3. 基本命令

28.3.1. 初始化节点

				
[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ipfs init
initializing IPFS node at /home/ipfs/.ipfs
generating 2048-bit RSA keypair...done
peer identity: QmZakCF5czhP53KPvMi8XQcYtVrQohw5N71Xce4eC1rWz3
to get started, enter:

	ipfs cat /ipfs/QmS4ustL54uo8FzR9455qaxZwuMiUhyvMcX9Ba8nUH4uVv/readme
				
			

目录结构

			
[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ls .ipfs/
blocks  config  datastore  datastore_spec  keystore  version
			
			

28.3.2. 添加文件或文本到 IPFS

28.3.2.1. 添加文件

				
[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ echo Helloworld > helloworld.txt
[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ipfs add helloworld.txt
added QmS8R3nSbDHjQ7WRTjtX1pkiQ6BUpti9qTjweZkBgGPKiN helloworld.txt

[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ipfs cat QmS8R3nSbDHjQ7WRTjtX1pkiQ6BUpti9qTjweZkBgGPKiN
Helloworld

[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ipfs cat /ipfs/QmS8R3nSbDHjQ7WRTjtX1pkiQ6BUpti9qTjweZkBgGPKiN
Helloworld

				
				

28.3.2.2. 添加文本

添加一段字符串到 IPFS

				
[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ echo 'Look! Things have changed!' | ipfs add
added QmSb8DSVmu4Qip56jcqPVz1Cx9RJ3vTf3d1Gf9ixaG2tWg QmSb8DSVmu4Qip56jcqPVz1Cx9RJ3vTf3d1Gf9ixaG2tWg

[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ipfs cat QmSb8DSVmu4Qip56jcqPVz1Cx9RJ3vTf3d1Gf9ixaG2tWg
Look! Things have changed!

				
				

28.3.2.3. 安静模式，仅返回 Hash

安静模式

				
[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ipfs add -q /tmp/1536896811406807.mp4 
QmcA1Fsrt6jGTVqAUNZBqaprMEdFaFkmkzA5s2M6mF85UC			
				
				

28.3.2.4. 尝试修改内容

修改内容后 Hash 变化

				
[root@netkiller ~]# echo "version 1 of my text" | ipfs add
added QmZtmD2qt6fJot32nabSP3CUjicnypEBz7bHVDhPQt9aAy QmZtmD2qt6fJot32nabSP3CUjicnypEBz7bHVDhPQt9aAy

[root@netkiller ~]# echo "version 2 of my text" | ipfs add
added QmTudJSaoKxtbEnTddJ9vh8hbN84ZLVvD5pNpUaSbxwGoa QmTudJSaoKxtbEnTddJ9vh8hbN84ZLVvD5pNpUaSbxwGoa

[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs cat QmZtmD2qt6fJot32nabSP3CUjicnypEBz7bHVDhPQt9aAy
version 1 of my text

[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs cat QmTudJSaoKxtbEnTddJ9vh8hbN84ZLVvD5pNpUaSbxwGoa
version 2 of my text


[root@netkiller ~]# echo "version 1" > version.txt
[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs add version.txt
added QmQBcXurY2QBpv7sg8zyS4UXQeHGCqx4DBp86kBLPDzS18 version.txt

[root@netkiller ~]# echo "version 2" > version.txt
[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs add version.txt
added QmWzK72EZJJhW96x1tgaz8yU3G6okJ9MfMxbLianzFLhY2 version.txt

[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs cat QmQBcXurY2QBpv7sg8zyS4UXQeHGCqx4DBp86kBLPDzS18
version 1

[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs cat QmWzK72EZJJhW96x1tgaz8yU3G6okJ9MfMxbLianzFLhY2
version 2
				
				

28.3.2.5. 递归添加一个目录

				
[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ipfs add -r /etc/nginx/
added QmTa5RvPS9GEgbR8KUy36Fkx7y8Z7LpFM47pbAWJ89tUoi nginx/conf.d/default.conf
added QmSGZtdGvLd64eYqXNyDraegz5Tm5evyTrX7GMAhE4L1KB nginx/conf.d/default.conf.backup
added Qmbh35NHRNYfpaXaj1bQF4gcVYKRjjBvD7eys4dK4iwNrY nginx/fastcgi_params
added QmaHUhxr4NPTsxc2iubLAVGAvJ6hRKfZsbDPYZDT6Bdcb1 nginx/koi-utf
added QmRpsaigHjE4udpVDXZ8T4YtA477M7YTox6xxxkbYjisgN nginx/koi-win
added QmbJThNSiHPy1bDTkLq2Rp8uU4cDLbX8Nzgxrf79ujQ6D9 nginx/mime.types
added QmWDHS75NyRXZZxe3ZYAaETE4Z4mPx1htahBZBYx4cAYEM nginx/modules
added QmNjAKtPe3AoUSSiLF1onA8fVbogcQ4cJHD2bvj38udpJQ nginx/nginx.conf
added QmPXqmW4jpg5HbqqToJnzpqamSSNwHEkSxcGqiGmE9UaGM nginx/nginx.conf.original
added QmTiu69XGzh1iqK6JuJNzoTiQ4SJEeQSso3uCHRwbXFba8 nginx/scgi_params
added QmW2nvZqf6fwmcgBeeUEv2UyePizsFjjkNCubqRjmCZHNV nginx/uwsgi_params
added Qmen15DKJhF5ngxiBEzmpMyPA3HpMfXNqgogeyeati2sEx nginx/win-utf
added QmZ1cs8uxMSRcd2UX6ei4a2DYanQSBNV8PieRWcKzXbKXY nginx/conf.d
added Qmbw5SZyAKkccUTq5N5jLTXzRk21jZThmmMGsX5Fh2BPic nginx
 19.35 KiB / 27.35 KiB [======================================================>-----------]  70.75%				
				
				

注意最后面的 nginx 是目录 Hash，我们可以使用这个 Hash 访问文件

				
http://ipfs.netkiller.cn/ipfs/Qmbw5SZyAKkccUTq5N5jLTXzRk21jZThmmMGsX5Fh2BPic/conf.d/default.conf				
				
				

你也可以直接访问 Hash 值

				
http://ipfs.netkiller.cn/ipfs/QmSGZtdGvLd64eYqXNyDraegz5Tm5evyTrX7GMAhE4L1KB				
				
				

28.3.3. 查看文件

				
[ipfs@netkiller ~]$ ipfs cat /ipfs/QmS4ustL54uo8FzR9455qaxZwuMiUhyvMcX9Ba8nUH4uVv/readme
Hello and Welcome to IPFS!

██╗██████╗ ███████╗███████╗
██║██╔══██╗██╔════╝██╔════╝
██║██████╔╝█████╗  ███████╗
██║██╔═══╝ ██╔══╝  ╚════██║
██║██║     ██║     ███████║
╚═╝╚═╝     ╚═╝     ╚══════╝

If you're seeing this, you have successfully installed
IPFS and are now interfacing with the ipfs merkledag!

 -------------------------------------------------------
| Warning:                                              |
|   This is alpha software. Use at your own discretion! |
|   Much is missing or lacking polish. There are bugs.  |
|   Not yet secure. Read the security notes for more.   |
 -------------------------------------------------------

Check out some of the other files in this directory:

  ./about
  ./help
  ./quick-start     <-- usage examples
  ./readme          <-- this file
  ./security-notes

				
			

28.3.4. 下载文件

				
[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs get /ipfs/QmS4ustL54uo8FzR9455qaxZwuMiUhyvMcX9Ba8nUH4uVv/readme
Saving file(s) to readme
 1.08 KB / 1.08 KB [======================================================================] 100.00% 0s
[root@netkiller ~]# ls
readme
				
			

				
[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs add readme.txt
added QmdoPoadYA5HYvSzgUrgXYdEVRNL1T7pY38GaWabZ3KLgn readme.txt

[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs cat QmdoPoadYA5HYvSzgUrgXYdEVRNL1T7pY38GaWabZ3KLgn
Helloworld

[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs get QmdoPoadYA5HYvSzgUrgXYdEVRNL1T7pY38GaWabZ3KLgn
Saving file(s) to QmdoPoadYA5HYvSzgUrgXYdEVRNL1T7pY38GaWabZ3KLgn
 880 B / 880 B [=========================================================================] 100.00% 0s

[root@netkiller ~]# ls
QmdoPoadYA5HYvSzgUrgXYdEVRNL1T7pY38GaWabZ3KLgn  readme.txt

				
			

28.3.5. 列出文件或目录

				
[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs ls /ipfs/QmS4ustL54uo8FzR9455qaxZwuMiUhyvMcX9Ba8nUH4uVv/
QmZTR5bcpQD7cFgTorqxZDYaew1Wqgfbd2ud9QqGPAkK2V 1688 about
QmYCvbfNbCwFR45HiNP45rwJgvatpiW38D961L5qAhUM5Y 200  contact
QmY5heUM5qgRubMDD1og9fhCPA6QdkMp3QCwd4s7gJsyE7 322  help
QmejvEPop4D7YUadeGqYWmZxHhLc4JBUCzJJHWMzdcMe2y 12   ping
QmXgqKTbzdh83pQtKFb19SpMCpDDcKR2ujqk3pKph9aCNF 1692 quick-start
QmPZ9gcCEpqKTo6aq61g2nXGUhM4iCL3ewB6LDXZCtioEB 1102 readme
QmQ5vhrL7uv6tuoN9KeVBwd4PwfQkXdVVmDLUZuTNxqgvm 1173 security-notes
				
			

				
[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs add -r /etc/rc.d
added QmP4m7YRN25kcRgoJgn95yFR4GsVgbQppnpMGh3AxPzUbc rc.d/init.d/README
added QmemkmPhud9hBWhTDgnYfascZcXjX4H6j4oyqhKdSvFq8G rc.d/init.d/aegis
added QmR2zvwDZYQPw4arpaJQwGESPhmz6qBt8MqyrV5UR72JUy rc.d/init.d/agentwatch
added QmevSkKJVSF4amfHux7bMZCvaQQjuFsDxU1j7j7uvvJzBh rc.d/init.d/functions
added QmXCmPYb1wWcmAWk8tm1jgYsFgF16mTe2PsnNebw1gzWDw rc.d/init.d/jexec
added QmeQZxv7Fui5Ah9w9E9QuiyTrbm4XMKyJMthGLvbbtd5q4 rc.d/init.d/netconsole
added QmeDfRGHoLuSTZqk4zcwGKJQ1NUk9VhEYxFy1HC5d9hKxH rc.d/init.d/network
added QmYWStNUPtn9TgUT39D7vXMjXc5y917W7SsjPTZvCMK136 rc.d/rc.local
added QmS92vH7JY9CnP3DVZiQcHxqyi9FQXc1RTcyQvhCJnTCon rc.d/rc0.d/K01agentwatch
added QmabzShX1WxbdMfLmNK16M1edR5TP95iM5FBURSFwfdj4t rc.d/rc0.d/K05jexec
added QmcuWaJdg5JCckgdh5BomTwYjrn3ChrC2xa3yY61jQ1pGV rc.d/rc0.d/K50aegis
added QmYnJ5yxouhrbu81Nod3o1ZWKuwdHYYsbr7z4BgLCxxR2P rc.d/rc0.d/K50netconsole
added QmPNCeB2yS9EZ3cG3ousMtPkLNemkQaDfKt63S4NTBJg3z rc.d/rc0.d/K90network
added QmS92vH7JY9CnP3DVZiQcHxqyi9FQXc1RTcyQvhCJnTCon rc.d/rc1.d/K01agentwatch
added QmcuWaJdg5JCckgdh5BomTwYjrn3ChrC2xa3yY61jQ1pGV rc.d/rc1.d/K50aegis
added QmYnJ5yxouhrbu81Nod3o1ZWKuwdHYYsbr7z4BgLCxxR2P rc.d/rc1.d/K50netconsole
added QmPNCeB2yS9EZ3cG3ousMtPkLNemkQaDfKt63S4NTBJg3z rc.d/rc1.d/K90network
added QmabzShX1WxbdMfLmNK16M1edR5TP95iM5FBURSFwfdj4t rc.d/rc1.d/S95jexec
added QmYnJ5yxouhrbu81Nod3o1ZWKuwdHYYsbr7z4BgLCxxR2P rc.d/rc2.d/K50netconsole
added QmPNCeB2yS9EZ3cG3ousMtPkLNemkQaDfKt63S4NTBJg3z rc.d/rc2.d/S10network
added QmcuWaJdg5JCckgdh5BomTwYjrn3ChrC2xa3yY61jQ1pGV rc.d/rc2.d/S50aegis
added QmabzShX1WxbdMfLmNK16M1edR5TP95iM5FBURSFwfdj4t rc.d/rc2.d/S95jexec
added QmS92vH7JY9CnP3DVZiQcHxqyi9FQXc1RTcyQvhCJnTCon rc.d/rc2.d/S98agentwatch
added QmYnJ5yxouhrbu81Nod3o1ZWKuwdHYYsbr7z4BgLCxxR2P rc.d/rc3.d/K50netconsole
added QmPNCeB2yS9EZ3cG3ousMtPkLNemkQaDfKt63S4NTBJg3z rc.d/rc3.d/S10network
added QmcuWaJdg5JCckgdh5BomTwYjrn3ChrC2xa3yY61jQ1pGV rc.d/rc3.d/S50aegis
added QmabzShX1WxbdMfLmNK16M1edR5TP95iM5FBURSFwfdj4t rc.d/rc3.d/S95jexec
added QmS92vH7JY9CnP3DVZiQcHxqyi9FQXc1RTcyQvhCJnTCon rc.d/rc3.d/S98agentwatch
added QmYnJ5yxouhrbu81Nod3o1ZWKuwdHYYsbr7z4BgLCxxR2P rc.d/rc4.d/K50netconsole
added QmPNCeB2yS9EZ3cG3ousMtPkLNemkQaDfKt63S4NTBJg3z rc.d/rc4.d/S10network
added QmcuWaJdg5JCckgdh5BomTwYjrn3ChrC2xa3yY61jQ1pGV rc.d/rc4.d/S50aegis
added QmabzShX1WxbdMfLmNK16M1edR5TP95iM5FBURSFwfdj4t rc.d/rc4.d/S95jexec
added QmS92vH7JY9CnP3DVZiQcHxqyi9FQXc1RTcyQvhCJnTCon rc.d/rc4.d/S98agentwatch
added QmYnJ5yxouhrbu81Nod3o1ZWKuwdHYYsbr7z4BgLCxxR2P rc.d/rc5.d/K50netconsole
added QmPNCeB2yS9EZ3cG3ousMtPkLNemkQaDfKt63S4NTBJg3z rc.d/rc5.d/S10network
added QmcuWaJdg5JCckgdh5BomTwYjrn3ChrC2xa3yY61jQ1pGV rc.d/rc5.d/S50aegis
added QmabzShX1WxbdMfLmNK16M1edR5TP95iM5FBURSFwfdj4t rc.d/rc5.d/S95jexec
added QmS92vH7JY9CnP3DVZiQcHxqyi9FQXc1RTcyQvhCJnTCon rc.d/rc5.d/S98agentwatch
added QmS92vH7JY9CnP3DVZiQcHxqyi9FQXc1RTcyQvhCJnTCon rc.d/rc6.d/K01agentwatch
added QmabzShX1WxbdMfLmNK16M1edR5TP95iM5FBURSFwfdj4t rc.d/rc6.d/K05jexec
added QmcuWaJdg5JCckgdh5BomTwYjrn3ChrC2xa3yY61jQ1pGV rc.d/rc6.d/K50aegis
added QmYnJ5yxouhrbu81Nod3o1ZWKuwdHYYsbr7z4BgLCxxR2P rc.d/rc6.d/K50netconsole
added QmPNCeB2yS9EZ3cG3ousMtPkLNemkQaDfKt63S4NTBJg3z rc.d/rc6.d/K90network
added QmUy33heBFE59gc6PB2sevQ88gB7Lv3NDASFJF3S8f1qHK rc.d/init.d
added QmaDZHSDdtNyryWNwtxuMtJ8NduQdfhMMHk7JuTpNW5sTs rc.d/rc0.d
added QmX6D9eP1oHMg92rrVYarGAe4w3HQ9vURcncBRvPqtXSyG rc.d/rc1.d
added QmTEuKk4acWJcsCDYJViMNoKZ2BQDY8NSHraV9gB9nAWm8 rc.d/rc2.d
added QmTEuKk4acWJcsCDYJViMNoKZ2BQDY8NSHraV9gB9nAWm8 rc.d/rc3.d
added QmTEuKk4acWJcsCDYJViMNoKZ2BQDY8NSHraV9gB9nAWm8 rc.d/rc4.d
added QmTEuKk4acWJcsCDYJViMNoKZ2BQDY8NSHraV9gB9nAWm8 rc.d/rc5.d
added QmaDZHSDdtNyryWNwtxuMtJ8NduQdfhMMHk7JuTpNW5sTs rc.d/rc6.d
added QmRYPNdKdyCr6R7fE63g2u3sMD8SQh8TW6yQNAk9mT9Pay rc.d

[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs ls -v QmRYPNdKdyCr6R7fE63g2u3sMD8SQh8TW6yQNAk9mT9Pay
Hash                                           Size  Name
QmUy33heBFE59gc6PB2sevQ88gB7Lv3NDASFJF3S8f1qHK 36013 init.d/
QmYWStNUPtn9TgUT39D7vXMjXc5y917W7SsjPTZvCMK136 484   rc.local
QmaDZHSDdtNyryWNwtxuMtJ8NduQdfhMMHk7JuTpNW5sTs 383   rc0.d/
QmX6D9eP1oHMg92rrVYarGAe4w3HQ9vURcncBRvPqtXSyG 383   rc1.d/
QmTEuKk4acWJcsCDYJViMNoKZ2BQDY8NSHraV9gB9nAWm8 383   rc2.d/
QmTEuKk4acWJcsCDYJViMNoKZ2BQDY8NSHraV9gB9nAWm8 383   rc3.d/
QmTEuKk4acWJcsCDYJViMNoKZ2BQDY8NSHraV9gB9nAWm8 383   rc4.d/
QmTEuKk4acWJcsCDYJViMNoKZ2BQDY8NSHraV9gB9nAWm8 383   rc5.d/
QmaDZHSDdtNyryWNwtxuMtJ8NduQdfhMMHk7JuTpNW5sTs 383   rc6.d/

[root@netkiller ~]# ipfs ls -v QmUy33heBFE59gc6PB2sevQ88gB7Lv3NDASFJF3S8f1qHK
Hash                                           Size  Name
QmP4m7YRN25kcRgoJgn95yFR4GsVgbQppnpMGh3AxPzUbc 1171  README
QmemkmPhud9hBWhTDgnYfascZcXjX4H6j4oyqhKdSvFq8G 2266  aegis
QmR2zvwDZYQPw4arpaJQwGESPhmz6qBt8MqyrV5UR72JUy 3015  agentwatch
QmevSkKJVSF4amfHux7bMZCvaQQjuFsDxU1j7j7uvvJzBh 17514 functions
QmXCmPYb1wWcmAWk8tm1jgYsFgF16mTe2PsnNebw1gzWDw 41    jexec
QmeQZxv7Fui5Ah9w9E9QuiyTrbm4XMKyJMthGLvbbtd5q4 4345  netconsole
QmeDfRGHoLuSTZqk4zcwGKJQ1NUk9VhEYxFy1HC5d9hKxH 7304  network