- 简介
- 一、基础知识篇
- 二、工具篇
- 三、分类专题篇
- 四、技巧篇
- 五、高级篇
- 六、题解篇
- 6.1 Pwn
- 6.1.1 pwn HCTF2016 brop
- 6.1.2 pwn NJCTF2017 pingme
- 6.1.3 pwn XDCTF2015 pwn200
- 6.1.4 pwn BackdoorCTF2017 Fun-Signals
- 6.1.5 pwn GreHackCTF2017 beerfighter
- 6.1.6 pwn DefconCTF2015 fuckup
- 6.1.7 pwn 0CTF2015 freenote
- 6.1.8 pwn DCTF2017 Flex
- 6.1.9 pwn RHme3 Exploitation
- 6.1.10 pwn 0CTF2017 BabyHeap2017
- 6.1.11 pwn 9447CTF2015 Search-Engine
- 6.1.12 pwn N1CTF2018 vote
- 6.1.13 pwn 34C3CTF2017 readme_revenge
- 6.1.14 pwn 32C3CTF2015 readme
- 6.1.15 pwn 34C3CTF2017 SimpleGC
- 6.1.16 pwn HITBCTF2017 1000levels
- 6.1.17 pwn SECCONCTF2016 jmper
- 6.1.18 pwn HITBCTF2017 Sentosa
- 6.1.19 pwn HITBCTF2018 gundam
- 6.1.20 pwn 33C3CTF2016 babyfengshui
- 6.1.21 pwn HITCONCTF2016 Secret_Holder
- 6.1.22 pwn HITCONCTF2016 Sleepy_Holder
- 6.1.23 pwn BCTF2016 bcloud
- 6.1.24 pwn HITCONCTF2016 HouseofOrange
- 6.1.25 pwn HCTF2017 babyprintf
- 6.1.26 pwn 34C3CTF2017 300
- 6.1.27 pwn SECCONCTF2016 tinypad
- 6.1.28 pwn ASISCTF2016 b00ks
- 6.1.29 pwn Insomni'hackteaserCTF2017 TheGreatEscapepart-3
- 6.1.30 pwn HITCONCTF2017 Ghostinthe_heap
- 6.1.31 pwn HITBCTF2018 mutepig
- 6.1.32 pwn SECCONCTF2017 vmnofun
- 6.1.33 pwn 34C3CTF2017 LFA
- 6.1.34 pwn N1CTF2018 memsafety
- 6.1.35 pwn 0CTF2018 heapstorm2
- 6.1.36 pwn NJCTF2017 messager
- 6.1.37 pwn sixstarctf2018 babystack
- 6.1.38 pwn HITCONCMT2017 pwn200
- 6.1.39 pwn BCTF2018 houseofAtum
- 6.1.40 pwn LCTF2016 pwn200
- 6.1.41 pwn PlaidCTF2015 PlaidDB
- 6.1.42 pwn hacklu2015 bookstore
- 6.1.43 pwn 0CTF2018 babyheap
- 6.1.44 pwn ASIS2017 start_hard
- 6.1.45 pwn LCTF2016 pwn100
- 6.2 Reverse
- 6.3 Web
- 6.1 Pwn
- 七、实战篇
- 7.1 CVE
- 7.1.1 CVE-2017-11543 tcpdump sliplink_print 栈溢出漏洞
- 7.1.2 CVE-2015-0235 glibc _nsshostnamedigitsdots 堆溢出漏洞
- 7.1.3 CVE-2016-4971 wget 任意文件上传漏洞
- 7.1.4 CVE-2017-13089 wget skipshortbody 栈溢出漏洞
- 7.1.5 CVE–2018-1000001 glibc realpath 缓冲区下溢漏洞
- 7.1.6 CVE-2017-9430 DNSTracer 栈溢出漏洞
- 7.1.7 CVE-2018-6323 GNU binutils elfobjectp 整型溢出漏洞
- 7.1.8 CVE-2010-2883 Adobe CoolType SING 表栈溢出漏洞
- 7.1.9 CVE-2010-3333 Microsoft Word RTF pFragments 栈溢出漏洞
- 7.1 CVE
- 八、学术篇
- 8.1 The Geometry of Innocent Flesh on the Bone: Return-into-libc without Function Calls (on the x86)
- 8.2 Return-Oriented Programming without Returns
- 8.3 Return-Oriented Rootkits: Bypassing Kernel Code Integrity Protection Mechanisms
- 8.4 ROPdefender: A Detection Tool to Defend Against Return-Oriented Programming Attacks
- 8.5 Data-Oriented Programming: On the Expressiveness of Non-Control Data Attacks
- 8.7 What Cannot Be Read, Cannot Be Leveraged? Revisiting Assumptions of JIT-ROP Defenses
- 8.9 Symbolic Execution for Software Testing: Three Decades Later
- 8.10 AEG: Automatic Exploit Generation
- 8.11 Address Space Layout Permutation (ASLP): Towards Fine-Grained Randomization of Commodity Software
- 8.13 New Frontiers of Reverse Engineering
- 8.14 Who Allocated My Memory? Detecting Custom Memory Allocators in C Binaries
- 8.21 Micro-Virtualization Memory Tracing to Detect and Prevent Spraying Attacks
- 8.22 Practical Memory Checking With Dr. Memory
- 8.23 Evaluating the Effectiveness of Current Anti-ROP Defenses
- 8.24 How to Make ASLR Win the Clone Wars: Runtime Re-Randomization
- 8.25 (State of) The Art of War: Offensive Techniques in Binary Analysis
- 8.26 Driller: Augmenting Fuzzing Through Selective Symbolic Execution
- 8.27 Firmalice - Automatic Detection of Authentication Bypass Vulnerabilities in Binary Firmware
- 8.28 Cross-Architecture Bug Search in Binary Executables
- 8.29 Dynamic Hooks: Hiding Control Flow Changes within Non-Control Data
- 8.30 Preventing brute force attacks against stack canary protection on networking servers
- 8.33 Under-Constrained Symbolic Execution: Correctness Checking for Real Code
- 8.34 Enhancing Symbolic Execution with Veritesting
- 8.38 TaintEraser: Protecting Sensitive Data Leaks Using Application-Level Taint Tracking
- 8.39 DART: Directed Automated Random Testing
- 8.40 EXE: Automatically Generating Inputs of Death
- 8.41 IntPatch: Automatically Fix Integer-Overflow-to-Buffer-Overflow Vulnerability at Compile-Time
- 8.42 Dynamic Taint Analysis for Automatic Detection, Analysis, and Signature Generation of Exploits on Commodity Software
- 8.43 DTA++: Dynamic Taint Analysis with Targeted Control-Flow Propagation
- 8.44 Superset Disassembly: Statically Rewriting x86 Binaries Without Heuristics
- 8.45 Ramblr: Making Reassembly Great Again
- 8.46 FreeGuard: A Faster Secure Heap Allocator
- 8.48 Reassembleable Disassembling
- 九、附录
文章来源于网络收集而来,版权归原创者所有,如有侵权请及时联系!
1.5.8 glibc malloc
glibc
glibc 即 GNU C Library,是为 GNU 操作系统开发的一个 C 标准库。glibc 主要由两部分组成,一部分是头文件,位于 /usr/include
;另一部分是库的二进制文件。二进制文件部分主要是 C 语言标准库,有动态和静态两个版本,动态版本位于 /lib/libc.so.6
,静态版本位于 /usr/lib/libc.a
。
这一章中,我们将阅读分析 glibc 的源码,下面先把它下载下来,并切换到我们需要的版本:
$ git clone git://sourceware.org/git/glibc.git
$ cd glibc
$ git checkout --track -b local_glibc-2.23 origin/release/2.23/master
下面来编译它,首先修改配置文件 Makeconfig,将 -Werror
注释掉,这样可以避免高版本 GCC(v8.1.0) 将警告当做错误处理:
$ cat Makeconfig | grep -i werror | grep warn
+gccwarn += #-Werror
接下来需要打上一个 patch:
$ cat regexp.patch
diff --git a/misc/regexp.c b/misc/regexp.c
index 19d76c0..9017bc1 100644
--- a/misc/regexp.c
+++ b/misc/regexp.c
@@ -29,14 +29,17 @@
#if SHLIB_COMPAT (libc, GLIBC_2_0, GLIBC_2_23)
-/* Define the variables used for the interface. */
-char *loc1;
-char *loc2;
+#include <stdlib.h> /* Get NULL. */
+
+/* Define the variables used for the interface. Avoid .symver on common
+ symbol, which just creates a new common symbol, not an alias. */
+char *loc1 = NULL;
+char *loc2 = NULL;
compat_symbol (libc, loc1, loc1, GLIBC_2_0);
compat_symbol (libc, loc2, loc2, GLIBC_2_0);
/* Although we do not support the use we define this variable as well. */
-char *locs;
+char *locs = NULL;
compat_symbol (libc, locs, locs, GLIBC_2_0);
$ patch misc/regexp.c regexp.patch
然后就可以编译了:
$ mkdir build && cd build
$ ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/glibc-2.23
$ make -j4 && sudo make install
如果我们想要在编译程序时指定 libc,可以像这样:
$ gcc -L/usr/local/glibc-2.23/lib -Wl,--rpath=/usr/local/glibc-2.23/lib -Wl,-I/usr/local/glibc-2.23/lib/ld-2.23.so test.c
$ ldd a.out
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffcc76b0000)
libc.so.6 => /usr/local/glibc-2.23/lib/libc.so.6 (0x00007f6abd578000)
/usr/local/glibc-2.23/lib/ld-2.23.so => /usr/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f6abdb1c000)
然后如果希望在调试时指定 libc 的源文件,可以使用 gdb 命令 directory
,但是这种方法的缺点是不能解析子目录,所以推荐使用下面的命令在启动时加载:
gdb `find ~/path/to/glibc/source -type d -printf '-d %p '` ./a.out
malloc.c
下面我们先分析 glibc 2.23 版本的源码,它是 Ubuntu16.04 的默认版本,在 pwn 中也最常见。然后,我们再探讨新版本的 glibc 中所加入的漏洞缓解机制。
相关结构
堆块结构
- Allocated Chunk
- Free Chunk
- Top Chunk
Bins 结构
- Fast Bins
- Small Bins
- Large Bins
- Unsorted Bins
Arena 结构
分配函数
_int_malloc()
释放函数
_int_free()
重分配函数
_int_realloc()
参考资料
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