Question

2332. The Latest Time to Catch a Bus

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Description

You are given a 0-indexed integer array buses of length n, where buses[i] represents the departure time of the ith bus. You are also given a 0-indexed integer array passengers of length m, where passengers[j] represents the arrival time of the jth passenger. All bus departure times are unique. All passenger arrival times are unique.

You are given an integer capacity, which represents the maximum number of passengers that can get on each bus.

When a passenger arrives, they will wait in line for the next available bus. You can get on a bus that departs at x minutes if you arrive at y minutes where y <= x, and the bus is not full. Passengers with the earliest arrival times get on the bus first.

More formally when a bus arrives, either:

• If capacity or fewer passengers are waiting for a bus, they will all get on the bus, or
• The capacity passengers with the earliest arrival times will get on the bus.

Return _the latest time you may arrive at the bus station to catch a bus_. You cannot arrive at the same time as another passenger.

Note: The arrays buses and passengers are not necessarily sorted.

 

Example 1:

Input: buses = [10,20], passengers = [2,17,18,19], capacity = 2
Output: 16
Explanation: Suppose you arrive at time 16.
At time 10, the first bus departs with the 0th passenger. 
At time 20, the second bus departs with you and the 1st passenger.
Note that you may not arrive at the same time as another passenger, which is why you must arrive before the 1st passenger to catch the bus.

Example 2:

Input: buses = [20,30,10], passengers = [19,13,26,4,25,11,21], capacity = 2
Output: 20
Explanation: Suppose you arrive at time 20.
At time 10, the first bus departs with the 3rd passenger. 
At time 20, the second bus departs with the 5th and 1st passengers.
At time 30, the third bus departs with the 0th passenger and you.
Notice if you had arrived any later, then the 6th passenger would have taken your seat on the third bus.

 

Constraints:

• n == buses.length
• m == passengers.length
• 1 <= n, m, capacity <= 105
• 2 <= buses[i], passengers[i] <= 109
• Each element in buses is unique.
• Each element in passengers is unique.

Solutions

Solution 1: Simulation

First, we sort, and then use double pointers to simulate the process of passengers getting on the bus: traverse the bus $bus$, passengers follow the principle of "first come, first served".

After the simulation ends, judge whether the last bus still has seats:

• If there are seats, we can arrive at the bus station when the bus departs at $bus[|bus|-1]$; if there are people at this time, we can find the time when no one arrives by going forward.
• If there are no seats, we can find the last passenger who got on the bus, and find the time when no one arrives by going forward from him.

The time complexity is $O(n \times \log n + m \times \log m)$, and the space complexity is $O(\log n + \log m)$. Where $n$ and $m$ are the numbers of buses and passengers respectively.

class Solution:
  def latestTimeCatchTheBus(
    self, buses: List[int], passengers: List[int], capacity: int
  ) -> int:
    buses.sort()
    passengers.sort()
    j = 0
    for t in buses:
      c = capacity
      while c and j < len(passengers) and passengers[j] <= t:
        c, j = c - 1, j + 1
    j -= 1
    ans = buses[-1] if c else passengers[j]
    while ~j and passengers[j] == ans:
      ans, j = ans - 1, j - 1
    return ans

class Solution {
  public int latestTimeCatchTheBus(int[] buses, int[] passengers, int capacity) {
    Arrays.sort(buses);
    Arrays.sort(passengers);
    int j = 0, c = 0;
    for (int t : buses) {
      c = capacity;
      while (c > 0 && j < passengers.length && passengers[j] <= t) {
        --c;
        ++j;
      }
    }
    --j;
    int ans = c > 0 ? buses[buses.length - 1] : passengers[j];
    while (j >= 0 && ans == passengers[j]) {
      --ans;
      --j;
    }
    return ans;
  }
}

class Solution {
public:
  int latestTimeCatchTheBus(vector<int>& buses, vector<int>& passengers, int capacity) {
    sort(buses.begin(), buses.end());
    sort(passengers.begin(), passengers.end());
    int j = 0, c = 0;
    for (int t : buses) {
      c = capacity;
      while (c && j < passengers.size() && passengers[j] <= t) --c, ++j;
    }
    --j;
    int ans = c ? buses[buses.size() - 1] : passengers[j];
    while (~j && ans == passengers[j]) --j, --ans;
    return ans;
  }
};

func latestTimeCatchTheBus(buses []int, passengers []int, capacity int) int {
  sort.Ints(buses)
  sort.Ints(passengers)
  j, c := 0, 0
  for _, t := range buses {
    c = capacity
    for c > 0 && j < len(passengers) && passengers[j] <= t {
      j++
      c--
    }
  }
  j--
  ans := buses[len(buses)-1]
  if c == 0 {
    ans = passengers[j]
  }
  for j >= 0 && ans == passengers[j] {
    ans--
    j--
  }
  return ans
}

function latestTimeCatchTheBus(buses: number[], passengers: number[], capacity: number): number {
  buses.sort((a, b) => a - b);
  passengers.sort((a, b) => a - b);
  let [j, c] = [0, 0];
  for (const t of buses) {
    c = capacity;
    while (c && j < passengers.length && passengers[j] <= t) {
      --c;
      ++j;
    }
  }
  --j;
  let ans = c > 0 ? buses.at(-1)! : passengers[j];
  while (j >= 0 && passengers[j] === ans) {
    --ans;
    --j;
  }
  return ans;
}

/**
 * @param {number[]} buses
 * @param {number[]} passengers
 * @param {number} capacity
 * @return {number}
 */
var latestTimeCatchTheBus = function (buses, passengers, capacity) {
  buses.sort((a, b) => a - b);
  passengers.sort((a, b) => a - b);
  let [j, c] = [0, 0];
  for (const t of buses) {
    c = capacity;
    while (c && j < passengers.length && passengers[j] <= t) {
      --c;
      ++j;
    }
  }
  --j;
  let ans = c > 0 ? buses.at(-1) : passengers[j];
  while (j >= 0 && passengers[j] === ans) {
    --ans;
    --j;
  }
  return ans;
};