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Installing Jetty on Linux server

发布于 2025-02-22 22:20:08 字数 5316 浏览 0 评论 0 收藏 0

Throughout this tutorial we have been using Jetty on a local computer. In this chapter we show how to install Jetty on a remote server. This gives us a more realistic experience in managing a Jetty server.

We use a debian-based Linux system.

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade

First, we update the server.

$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre-headless

Next, we install Java if it is not already present on the system. We use the OpenJDK implementation. The openjdk-7-jre-headless is a minimal Java runtime—the components for executing Java GUI programs are not needed on servers and are not included in this package.

$ cd /tmp
$ sudo wget http://download.eclipse.org/jetty/stable-9/dist/jetty-distribution
-9.2.3.v20140905.tar.gz
$ sudo tar xzvf jetty-distribution-9.2.3.v20140905.tar.gz

We download and unpack a Jetty distribution inside the /tmp directory.

$ sudo mv jetty-distribution-9.2.3.v20140905 /opt/jetty
$ sudo rm jetty-distribution-9.2.3.v20140905.tar.gz

Jetty is moved to /opt/jetty directory. The archive is removed.

$ sudo rm -rf /opt/jetty/demo-base/

The demo applications that come with Jetty distribution are removed.

$ sudo vi /etc/environment
$ cat /etc/environment 
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:
/usr/local/games"
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386
JETTY_HOME=/opt/jetty
JETTY_BASE=/opt/jetty/mybase

The /etc/environment file is used for system-wide environment variable settings. We set JAVA_HOME , JETTY_HOME , and JETTY_BASE environment variables there.

$ source /etc/environment
$ echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386
$ echo $JETTY_HOME
/opt/jetty
$ echo $JETTY_BASE
/opt/jetty/mybase

The source command evaluates the file and sets the variables. We can now start referring to the new variables.

$ sudo useradd --user-group --shell /bin/false --home-dir /opt/jetty/temp jetty

A new jetty user and group are added to the system. Jetty will run under this user on the system. Setting the user's shell to /bin/false has the affect of not allowing someone to log in under this username.

$ cd /opt
$ sudo mkdir -p web/mybase/
$ sudo mkdir jetty/temp/

New directories are created. The /opt/web/mybase will hold the Jetty base, the /opt/jetty/temp will be used for temporary files of Jetty. According to the Jetty documentation, it is a best practice to create a separate temporary directory from the standart system /tmp . Cleanup scripts may interfere with the Jetty's temporary files.

$ sudo chown -R jetty:jetty /opt/web
$ sudo chown -R jetty:jetty /opt/jetty

We change the user and group ownership for files and directories relevant for Jetty. The -R option operates recursively on files and directories, which means that the ownership is changed for all directories and files under parent directories.

$ sudo usermod -a -G jetty user_name

We add our user name to the jetty group in order to be able to have permissions to operate Jetty.

$ sudo cp /opt/jetty/bin/jetty.sh /etc/init.d/jetty

Next, we enable Jetty as a system service. The services are kept in the init.d directory.

$ sudo touch /etc/default/jetty
$ sudo vi /etc/default/jetty 
$ cat /etc/default/jetty
JETTY_HOME=/opt/jetty
JETTY_BASE=/opt/web/mybase
TMPDIR=/opt/jetty/temp

The script loads the contents of the /etc/default/jetty file. Inside the file, we set three environment variables.

$ sudo service jetty start

Jetty is started as a system service.

jano7@core7:~$ service jetty status
Checking arguments to Jetty: 
START_INI    =  /opt/web/mybase/start.ini
JETTY_HOME   =  /opt/jetty
JETTY_BASE   =  /opt/web/mybase
...

With the status parameter, we can check a service's status.

$ scp dist/first.war user_name@example.com:/opt/web/mybase/webapps

From the development computer, we deploy a simple web application by copying a project WAR file to the webapps directory of the Jetty base.

$ curl http://example.com:8080/first/
<html> 
<body>
<p>
   Today's date: Sep 14, 2014 12:26:34 PM
</p>
</body> 
</html>

We connect to the web application and receive HTML output.

$ sudo iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080

Here we use a packet filter to forward all incoming packets to port 80 to port 8080 . The default port on which Jetty listens is 8080 ; it is configured in the start.ini file.

$ curl http://example.com/first/
<html> 
<body>
<p>
   Today's date: Sep 14, 2014 12:26:34 PM
</p>
</body> 
</html>

Now we can refer to the webpage without the port number.

In this chapter, we have installed Jetty on a remote Linux server, enabled it as a system service, and deployed a simple web application.

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Installing Jetty on Linux server

如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

发布评论

如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。