PHPExcel 功能丰富的 PHP 操作 Excel 库

发布于 2019-05-09 21:36:45 字数 10836 浏览 2625 评论 0

PHPExcel 一个 PHP 库，功能非常的丰富，用于操作 Microsoft Excel 表格文件，可以实现编辑、创建 Excel 文件，目前最新的版本是 PHPExcel 1.8.0。

PHPExcel 是纯 PHP 编写的提供一组 API 的开源类，允许你编辑不同的电子表格文件格式，如 Excel（BIFF）、xls、Excel 2007（开放式文件格式）、xlsx、CSV、Libre/OpenOffice Calc.ods、Gnumeric、PDF、HTML 等，这个项目是建立在微软的 OpenXML 标准和 PHP 上。

访问官网发现官网已经 5 年没有更新，强烈建议开发者不要使用上面的帮助文档，最新的版本已移步 https://github.com/PHPOffice/PHPExcel，结果 Github 项目的说明文件里面又说该项目已多年未维护，不得再使用。所有用户必须迁移到其直接继承者 PhpSpreadsheet 或其他替代方案，这项目真是不省心啊。

支持的文件格式

读取

BIFF 5-8 (.xls) Excel 95 and above
Office Open XML (.xlsx) Excel 2007 and above
SpreadsheetML (.xml) Excel 2003
Open Document Format/OASIS (.ods)
Gnumeric
HTML
SYLK
CSV

编辑

BIFF 8 (.xls) Excel 95 and above
Office Open XML (.xlsx) Excel 2007 and above
HTML
CSV
PDF (使用的 tcPDF, DomPDF 或者 mPDF 库，需要分别安装)

依赖关系

PHP 版本在 5.2.0 或者更高
PHP 扩展 php_zip 启用 (如果你需要使用 PHPExcel 处理 .xlsx .ods 或者 .gnumeric 文件)
PHP 扩展 php_xml 启用
PHP 扩展 php_gd2 启用 (可选，但精确的列宽度自动计算所需的)

使用方法

下面是总结的几个使用方法，首先要引入库文件：

include 'PHPExcel.php';
include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php';

或者 include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel5.php'; 用于输出 .xls 的文件。

创建一个 excel

$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();

保存excel—2007格式

$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);
// 或者$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel);  非2007格式
$objWriter->save("xxx.xlsx");

直接输出到浏览器

$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel);
header("Pragma: public");
header("Expires: 0″);
header("Cache-Control:must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);
header("Content-Type:application/force-download");
header("Content-Type:application/vnd.ms-execl");
header("Content-Type:application/octet-stream");
header("Content-Type:application/download");;
header('Content-Disposition:attachment;filename="resume.xls"');
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding:binary");
$objWriter->save('php://output');

设置excel的属性：

创建人

$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw");

最后修改人

$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw");

标题

$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");

题目

$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");

描述

$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.");

关键字

$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php");

种类

$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file");

设置当前的sheet

$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);

设置sheet的name

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple');

设置单元格的值

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A1', 'String');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A2', 12);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A3', true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C5', '=SUM(C2:C4)');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B8', '=MIN(B2:C5)');

合并单元格

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->mergeCells('A18:E22');

分离单元格

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->unmergeCells('A28:B28');

保护cell

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSheet(true);
// Needs to be set to true in order to enable any worksheet protection!
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->protectCells('A3:E13', 'PHPExcel');

设置格式

// Set cell number formats
echo date('H:i:s') . " Set cell number formats\n";
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_CURRENCY_EUR_SIMPLE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->duplicateStyle( $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4'), 'E5:E13' );

设置宽width

// Set column widths
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('D')->setWidth(12);

设置font

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setName('Candara');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setSize(20);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setBold(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setUnderline(PHPExcel_Style_Font::UNDERLINE_SINGLE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getFont()->setBold(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getFont()->setBold(true);

设置align

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D11')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D12')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_JUSTIFY);
//垂直居中
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setVertical(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER);

设置column的border

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('C4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);

设置border的color

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getLeft()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getRight()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');

设置填充颜色

$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB('FF808080');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB('FF808080');

加图片

$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();
$objDrawing->setName('Logo');
$objDrawing->setDescription('Logo');
$objDrawing->setPath('./images/officelogo.jpg');
$objDrawing->setHeight(36);
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());
$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();
$objDrawing->setName('Paid');
$objDrawing->setDescription('Paid');
$objDrawing->setPath('./images/paid.png');
$objDrawing->setCoordinates('B15');
$objDrawing->setOffsetX(110);
$objDrawing->setRotation(25);
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setVisible(true);
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setDirection(45);
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());

处理中文输出问题，需要将字符串转化为UTF-8编码，才能正常输出，否则中文字符将输出为空白，如下处理：

$str = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $str);

或者你可以写一个函数专门处理中文字符串：

function convertUTF8($str){
  if(empty($str)) return '';
  return iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $str);
}

从数据库输出数据处理方式，从数据库读取数据如：

$db = new Mysql($dbconfig);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM 表名";
$row = $db->GetAll($sql); // $row 为二维数组
$count = count($row);
for ($i = 2; $i <= $count+1; $i++) {
  $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][1]));
  $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][2]));
  $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][3]));
  $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][4]));
  $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('E' . $i, convertUTF8(date("Y-m-d", $row[$i-2][5])));
  $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('F' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][6]));
  $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('G' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][7]));
  $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('H' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][8]));
}

在默认 sheet 后，创建一个 worksheet

echo date('H:i:s') . " Create new Worksheet object\n";
$objPHPExcel->createSheet();
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objExcel, 'Excel5');
$objWriter-save('php://output');