C++ 预编译 调试 指令

Question

__FILE__ 、 __LINE__ 、 FUNCTION__ 实现代码跟踪调试（Linux 下 C 语言编程 ）先看下简单的初始代码：注意其编译运行后的结果。

root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# cat global.h // 头文件
#ifndef CLOBAL_H
        #define GLOBAL_H
        #include <stdio.h>
        int funca(void);
        int funcb(void);
#endif
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# cat funca.c // 函数 a
#include "global.h"
int funca(void)
{
printf ("this is function\n");
return 0;
}
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# cat funcb.c // 函数 b
#include "global.h"
int funcb(void)
{
printf ("this is function\n");
return 0;
}
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# gcc -Wall funca.c funcb.c main.c // 联合编译
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# ./a.out // 运行
this is main
this is function
this is main
this is function
this is main

相同结果很难让人看出那里出错，下面我们用用 __FILE__ 、 __LINE__ 、 FUNCTION__ 加入代码，看看有什么区别吗？

把 __FILE__ 、 __LINE__ 、 FUNCTION__ 加入到 mail.c 中

root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# cat main.c
#include "global.h"
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    printf("%s(%d)-%s: this is main\n",__FILE__,__LINE__,__FUNCTION__);
    funca();
    printf("%s(%d)-%s: this is main\n",__FILE__,__LINE__,__FUNCTION__);
    funcb();
    printf("%s(%d)-%s: this is main\n",__FILE__,__LINE__,__FUNCTION__);
    return 0;
}
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# gcc -Wall funca.c funcb.c main.c
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# ./a.out
main.c(4)-main: this is main
this is function
main.c(6)-main: this is main
this is function
main.c(8)-main: this is main

上面的结果 main.c(4)-main:this is main 表示在 mian.c 源代码的第四行 main 函数里边打印出来的 this is main

那样的话就很方便的让程序员对自己的程序进行排错。

为了更方便的使用它我们可以通过在 global.h 代码中进行宏定义

root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# cat global.h
#ifndef CLOBAL_H
        #define GLOBAL_H
        #include <stdio.h>
        int funca(void);
        int funcb(void);
        #define DEBUGFMT  "%s(%d)-%s"
        #define DEBUGARGS __FILE__,__LINE__,__FUNCTION__
#endif
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# cat funca.c
#include "global.h"
int funca(void)
{
printf (DEBUGFMT " this is function\n",DEBUGARGS);
return 0;
}
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# cat funcb.c
#include "global.h"
int funcb(void)
{
printf (DEBUGFMT " this is function\n",DEBUGARGS);
return 0;
}
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# cat main.c
#include "global.h"
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    printf(DEBUGFMT "this is main\n", DEBUGARGS);
    funca();
    printf(DEBUGFMT "this is main\n", DEBUGARGS);
    funcb();
    printf(DEBUGFMT "this is main\n", DEBUGARGS);
    return 0;
}
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# gcc -Wall funca.c funcb.c main.c
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2# ./a.out
main.c(4)-mainthis is main
funca.c(4)-funca this is function
main.c(6)-mainthis is main
funcb.c(4)-funcb this is function
main.c(8)-mainthis is main
root@xuanfei-desktop:~/cpropram/2#

这就是通过定义FILE,LINE,FUNCTION__的宏来简单实现代码的跟踪调试：

下面是一个可供调试用的头文件

#ifndef _GOLD_DEBUG_H
#define _GOLD_DEBUG_H

#ifdef __cplusplus
#if __cplusplus
extern "C"{
#endif
#endif /* __cplusplus */

//#define GI_DEBUG

#ifdef GI_DEBUG

#define GI_DEBUG_POINT()   printf("\n\n[File:%s Line:%d] Fun:%s\n\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__)
#define dbg_printf(arg...)   printf(arg);

#define GI_ASSERT(expr)                                     \
    do{                                                     \
        if (!(expr)) { \
            printf("\nASSERT failed at:\n  >File name: %s\n  >Function : %s\n  >Line No. : %d\n  >Condition: %s\n", \
                    __FILE__,__FUNCTION__, __LINE__, #expr);\
        } \
    }while(0);

/* 调试宏, 用于暂停 */
#define GI_DEBUG_PAUSE()           \
 do               \
 {               \
  GI_DEBUG_POINT();          \
  printf("pause for debug, press 'q' to exit!\n");  \
  char c;             \
  while( ( c = getchar() ) )        \
   {             \
    if('q' == c)         \
     {           \
      getchar();        \
      break;         \
     }           \
   }             \
 }while(0);
#define GI_DEBUG_PAUSE_ARG(arg...)          \
  do               \
  {               \
   printf(arg);           \
   GI_DEBUG_PAUSE()          \
  }while(0);


#define GI_DEBUG_ASSERT(expression)      \
if(!(expression))                        \
{                                  \
    printf("[ASSERT],%s,%s:%d\n", __FILE__,  __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);\
    exit(-1);             \
}
#else
#define GI_ASSERT(expr)
#define GI_DEBUG_PAUSE()
#define GI_DEBUG_PAUSE_ARG(arg...) 
#define GI_DEBUG_POINT()
#define dbg_printf(arg...)
#define GI_DEBUG_ASSERT(expression)

#endif

#ifdef __cplusplus
#if __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* __cplusplus */

#endif