Question

peer channel 命令允许管理员在 Peer 上执行通道相关的操作，比如加入通道，或者列出当前 Peer 加入的通道。

语法

peer channel 命令有以下子命令：

• create
• fetch
• getinfo
• join
• list
• signconfigtx
• update

peer channel

Operate a channel: create|fetch|join|list|update|signconfigtx|getinfo.

Usage:
  peer channel [command]

Available Commands:
  create       Create a channel
  fetch        Fetch a block
  getinfo      get blockchain information of a specified channel.
  join         Joins the peer to a channel.
  list         List of channels peer has joined.
  signconfigtx Signs a configtx update.
  update       Send a configtx update.

Flags:
      --cafile string                       Path to file containing PEM-encoded trusted certificate(s) for the ordering endpoint
      --certfile string                     Path to file containing PEM-encoded X509 public key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
      --clientauth                          Use mutual TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint
      --connTimeout duration                Timeout for client to connect (default 3s)
  -h, --help                                help for channel
      --keyfile string                      Path to file containing PEM-encoded private key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
  -o, --orderer string                      Ordering service endpoint
      --ordererTLSHostnameOverride string   The hostname override to use when validating the TLS connection to the orderer.
      --tls                                 Use TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint

Use "peer channel [command] --help" for more information about a command.

peer channel create

Create a channel and write the genesis block to a file.

Usage:
  peer channel create [flags]

Flags:
  -c, --channelID string     In case of a newChain command, the channel ID to create. It must be all lower case, less than 250 characters long and match the regular expression: [a-z][a-z0-9.-]*
  -f, --file string          Configuration transaction file generated by a tool such as configtxgen for submitting to orderer
  -h, --help                 help for create
      --outputBlock string   The path to write the genesis block for the channel. (default ./<channelID>.block)
  -t, --timeout duration     Channel creation timeout (default 10s)

Global Flags:
      --cafile string                       Path to file containing PEM-encoded trusted certificate(s) for the ordering endpoint
      --certfile string                     Path to file containing PEM-encoded X509 public key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
      --clientauth                          Use mutual TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint
      --connTimeout duration                Timeout for client to connect (default 3s)
      --keyfile string                      Path to file containing PEM-encoded private key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
  -o, --orderer string                      Ordering service endpoint
      --ordererTLSHostnameOverride string   The hostname override to use when validating the TLS connection to the orderer.
      --tls                                 Use TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint

peer channel fetch

Fetch a specified block, writing it to a file.

Usage:
  peer channel fetch <newest|oldest|config|(number)> [outputfile] [flags]

Flags:
      --bestEffort         Whether fetch requests should ignore errors and return blocks on a best effort basis
  -c, --channelID string   In case of a newChain command, the channel ID to create. It must be all lower case, less than 250 characters long and match the regular expression: [a-z][a-z0-9.-]*
  -h, --help               help for fetch

Global Flags:
      --cafile string                       Path to file containing PEM-encoded trusted certificate(s) for the ordering endpoint
      --certfile string                     Path to file containing PEM-encoded X509 public key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
      --clientauth                          Use mutual TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint
      --connTimeout duration                Timeout for client to connect (default 3s)
      --keyfile string                      Path to file containing PEM-encoded private key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
  -o, --orderer string                      Ordering service endpoint
      --ordererTLSHostnameOverride string   The hostname override to use when validating the TLS connection to the orderer.
      --tls                                 Use TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint

peer channel getinfo

get blockchain information of a specified channel. Requires '-c'.

Usage:
  peer channel getinfo [flags]

Flags:
  -c, --channelID string   In case of a newChain command, the channel ID to create. It must be all lower case, less than 250 characters long and match the regular expression: [a-z][a-z0-9.-]*
  -h, --help               help for getinfo

Global Flags:
      --cafile string                       Path to file containing PEM-encoded trusted certificate(s) for the ordering endpoint
      --certfile string                     Path to file containing PEM-encoded X509 public key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
      --clientauth                          Use mutual TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint
      --connTimeout duration                Timeout for client to connect (default 3s)
      --keyfile string                      Path to file containing PEM-encoded private key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
  -o, --orderer string                      Ordering service endpoint
      --ordererTLSHostnameOverride string   The hostname override to use when validating the TLS connection to the orderer.
      --tls                                 Use TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint

peer channel join

Joins the peer to a channel.

Usage:
  peer channel join [flags]

Flags:
  -b, --blockpath string   Path to file containing genesis block
  -h, --help               help for join

Global Flags:
      --cafile string                       Path to file containing PEM-encoded trusted certificate(s) for the ordering endpoint
      --certfile string                     Path to file containing PEM-encoded X509 public key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
      --clientauth                          Use mutual TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint
      --connTimeout duration                Timeout for client to connect (default 3s)
      --keyfile string                      Path to file containing PEM-encoded private key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
  -o, --orderer string                      Ordering service endpoint
      --ordererTLSHostnameOverride string   The hostname override to use when validating the TLS connection to the orderer.
      --tls                                 Use TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint

peer channel list

List of channels peer has joined.

Usage:
  peer channel list [flags]

Flags:
  -h, --help   help for list

Global Flags:
      --cafile string                       Path to file containing PEM-encoded trusted certificate(s) for the ordering endpoint
      --certfile string                     Path to file containing PEM-encoded X509 public key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
      --clientauth                          Use mutual TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint
      --connTimeout duration                Timeout for client to connect (default 3s)
      --keyfile string                      Path to file containing PEM-encoded private key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
  -o, --orderer string                      Ordering service endpoint
      --ordererTLSHostnameOverride string   The hostname override to use when validating the TLS connection to the orderer.
      --tls                                 Use TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint

peer channel signconfigtx

Signs the supplied configtx update file in place on the filesystem. Requires '-f'.

Usage:
  peer channel signconfigtx [flags]

Flags:
  -f, --file string   Configuration transaction file generated by a tool such as configtxgen for submitting to orderer
  -h, --help          help for signconfigtx

Global Flags:
      --cafile string                       Path to file containing PEM-encoded trusted certificate(s) for the ordering endpoint
      --certfile string                     Path to file containing PEM-encoded X509 public key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
      --clientauth                          Use mutual TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint
      --connTimeout duration                Timeout for client to connect (default 3s)
      --keyfile string                      Path to file containing PEM-encoded private key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
  -o, --orderer string                      Ordering service endpoint
      --ordererTLSHostnameOverride string   The hostname override to use when validating the TLS connection to the orderer.
      --tls                                 Use TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint

peer channel update

Signs and sends the supplied configtx update file to the channel. Requires '-f', '-o', '-c'.

Usage:
  peer channel update [flags]

Flags:
  -c, --channelID string   In case of a newChain command, the channel ID to create. It must be all lower case, less than 250 characters long and match the regular expression: [a-z][a-z0-9.-]*
  -f, --file string        Configuration transaction file generated by a tool such as configtxgen for submitting to orderer
  -h, --help               help for update

Global Flags:
      --cafile string                       Path to file containing PEM-encoded trusted certificate(s) for the ordering endpoint
      --certfile string                     Path to file containing PEM-encoded X509 public key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
      --clientauth                          Use mutual TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint
      --connTimeout duration                Timeout for client to connect (default 3s)
      --keyfile string                      Path to file containing PEM-encoded private key to use for mutual TLS communication with the orderer endpoint
  -o, --orderer string                      Ordering service endpoint
      --ordererTLSHostnameOverride string   The hostname override to use when validating the TLS connection to the orderer.
      --tls                                 Use TLS when communicating with the orderer endpoint

使用示例

peer channel create 示例

本样例展示了 peer channel create 使用全局标识 --orderer 的用法。

• 使用 ./createchannel.tx 中的配置交易创建样例通道 mychannel。使用排序节点 orderer.example.com:7050。

  peer channel create -c mychannel -f ./createchannel.tx --orderer orderer.example.com:7050
  
  2018-02-25 08:23:57.548 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 003 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  2018-02-25 08:23:57.626 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 019 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  2018-02-25 08:23:57.834 UTC [channelCmd] readBlock -> INFO 020 Received block: 0
  2018-02-25 08:23:57.835 UTC [main] main -> INFO 021 Exiting.....
  

  返回区块 0 代表已经成功创建通道。

下一个例子展示使用 peer channel create 的命令选项。

• 使用 orderer.example.com:7050 创建新的通道 mychannel，配置交易同样定义在 ./createchannel.tx 文件中。但多了通道创建等待30s的选项。

    peer channel create -c mychannel --orderer orderer.example.com:7050 -f ./createchannel.tx -t 30s
  
    2018-02-23 06:31:58.568 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 003 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
    2018-02-23 06:31:58.669 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 019 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
    2018-02-23 06:31:58.877 UTC [channelCmd] readBlock -> INFO 020 Received block: 0
    2018-02-23 06:31:58.878 UTC [main] main -> INFO 021 Exiting.....
  
    ls -l
  
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11982 Feb 25 12:24 mychannel.block
  

  你可以看到输出了区块0，证明了 mychannel 创建成功了，区块0存在了本地目录，名字为 mychanenl.block。

  区块0通常被长尾 创世块，因为它包含了通道的初始配置。所有对通道的更新，都会创建配置区块存在通道的区块链上，并且新配置区块中的配置会取代老的配置。

peer channel fetch 样例

以下是 peer channel fetch 命令的样例.

• 使用 newest 选项获取指定通道的最新区块，并把区块保存到 mychanenl.block 文件中。

  peer channel fetch newest mychannel.block -c mychannel --orderer orderer.example.com:7050
  
  2018-02-25 13:10:16.137 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 003 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  2018-02-25 13:10:16.144 UTC [channelCmd] readBlock -> INFO 00a Received block: 32
  2018-02-25 13:10:16.145 UTC [main] main -> INFO 00b Exiting.....
  
  ls -l
  
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11982 Feb 25 13:10 mychannel.block
  

  你可以看到获取的区块高度是32，并且区块已经被写入到 mychanenl.block 文件中。

• 使用 (block number) 获取指定的区块，并且保存到默认的区块文件，本例中区块号是16。

  peer channel fetch 16  -c mychannel --orderer orderer.example.com:7050
  
  2018-02-25 13:46:50.296 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 003 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  2018-02-25 13:46:50.302 UTC [channelCmd] readBlock -> INFO 00a Received block: 16
  2018-02-25 13:46:50.302 UTC [main] main -> INFO 00b Exiting.....
  
  ls -l
  
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11982 Feb 25 13:10 mychannel.block
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4783 Feb 25 13:46 mychannel_16.block
  

  你可以看到获取的区块高度是16，并且区块已经被写入到 mychanenl.block 文件中。

  对于配置区块，可以使用configtxlator 命令解析区块文件。请查看该命令的帮助信息获取解析样例。用户交易区块同样可以被解析，但需要写一个专门的程序做这件事。

peer channel getinfo example

如下是 peer channel getinfo 命令的使用样例。

• 获取当前 Peer 节点上 mychannel 通道的信息。

  peer channel getinfo -c mychannel
  
  2018-02-25 15:15:44.135 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 003 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  Blockchain info: {"height":5,"currentBlockHash":"JgK9lcaPUNmFb5Mp1qe1SVMsx3o/22Ct4+n5tejcXCw=","previousBlockHash":"f8lZXoAn3gF86zrFq7L1DzW2aKuabH9Ow6SIE5Y04a4="}
  2018-02-25 15:15:44.139 UTC [main] main -> INFO 006 Exiting.....
  

  你可以看到 mychannel 最新的区块是5，以及当前通道中，最近区块的加密哈希值。

peer channel join example

如下是 peer channel join 命令的例子.

• 把一个 Peer 加入到 ./mychannel.genesis.block 定义的通道。本例中，通道配置块是之前通过 peer channel fetch 命令获取的区块。

  peer channel join -b ./mychannel.genesis.block
  
  2018-02-25 12:25:26.511 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 003 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  2018-02-25 12:25:26.571 UTC [channelCmd] executeJoin -> INFO 006 Successfully submitted proposal to join channel
  2018-02-25 12:25:26.571 UTC [main] main -> INFO 007 Exiting.....
  

  你可以看到 Peer 已成功创建了加入通道的交易。

peer channel list example

如下是 peer channel list 命令的样例。

• 列出 Peer 加入的通道。

  peer channel list
  
  2018-02-25 14:21:20.361 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 003 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  Channels peers has joined:
  mychannel
  2018-02-25 14:21:20.372 UTC [main] main -> INFO 006 Exiting.....
  

  你可以看到 Peer 加入了 mychannel 通道.

peer channel signconfigtx example

如下是 peer channel signconfigtx 命令的样例。

• 为定义在 ./updatechannel.txn 中的 channel update 交易进行签名。样例在执行命令前后列出了配置交易文件。

  ls -l
  
  -rw-r--r--  1 anthonyodowd  staff   284 25 Feb 18:16 updatechannel.tx
  
  peer channel signconfigtx -f updatechannel.tx
  
  2018-02-25 18:16:44.456 GMT [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 001 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  2018-02-25 18:16:44.459 GMT [main] main -> INFO 002 Exiting.....
  
  ls -l
  
  -rw-r--r--  1 anthonyodowd  staff  2180 25 Feb 18:16 updatechannel.tx
  

  你可以看到配置交易文件 updatechannel.tx 的大小从 284 字节增加到 2180 字节，说明 Peer 成功对配置交易文件进行了签名。

peer channel update example

如下是 peer channel update 命令的样例.

• 使用 ./updatechannel.tx 中定义的配置交易更新 mychannel 的配置。使用 orderer.example.com:7050 作为排序节点，把配置交易发送给在通道中的所有 Peer，让它们更新本地通道的配置。

  peer channel update -c mychannel -f ./updatechannel.tx -o orderer.example.com:7050
  
  2018-02-23 06:32:11.569 UTC [channelCmd] InitCmdFactory -> INFO 003 Endorser and orderer connections initialized
  2018-02-23 06:32:11.626 UTC [main] main -> INFO 010 Exiting.....
  

  可以看到通道 mychannel 成功被更新。